Exam question 2 · Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and o…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the designation «megacity»?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: designation

This is exam question 2 of lesson 74 «Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and of today» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 designation	det
10	designation	designation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 megacity	punct
12	megacity	megacity	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 designation	appos
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 megacity	punct
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the designation				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

An urban area having a population in excess of ten million persons

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 area	det
2	urban	urban	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 area	amod
3	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	having	have	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 area	acl
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 population	det
6	population	population	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 having	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 excess	case
8	excess	excess	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 having	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 persons	case
10	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 million	compound
11	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 persons	nummod
12	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 excess	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	gerund	a urban area not said here	a population		excess of million persons			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent population=Patient

Option 2

An urban area consisting solely of skyscrapers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 area	det
2	urban	urban	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 area	amod
3	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	consisting	consist	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 area	acl
5	solely	solely	ADV	_	4 consisting	advmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 skyscrapers	case
7	skyscrapers	skyscraper	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consisting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consist	gerund	a urban area not said here					of skyscrapers; solely property	tree rules

Option 3

Any urban area possessing a castle or a cathedral of great antiquity

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	3 area	det
2	urban	urban	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 area	amod
3	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	possessing	possess	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 area	acl
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 castle	det
6	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 possessing	obj
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 cathedral	cc
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 cathedral	det
9	cathedral	cathedral	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 castle	conj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 antiquity	case
11	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 antiquity	amod
12	antiquity	antiquity	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cathedral	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	gerund	any urban area not said here	a castle or a cathedral of great antiquity					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot castle=Theme

Option 4

An urban area constructed upon water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 area	det
2	urban	urban	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 area	amod
3	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	constructed	construct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 area	acl
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 water	case
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 constructed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	construct	participle		a urban area not said here				upon water	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/74-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today/e2/