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Test 12 · Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and o…

In Europa Universalis, Mei's capital Beijing has the biggest number on the map for centuries. What does real history say?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: capital, real history · What happens: have, say · To what, where: biggest number, Europa · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 of lesson 74 «Cities then and now: the biggest cities of every age and of today» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In Europa Universalis, Mei's capital Beijing has the biggest number on the map for centuries.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 Europa	case
2	Europa	Europa	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 has	obl
3	Universalis	Universalis	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Europa	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Europa	punct
5	Mei	Mei	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 capital	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 Mei	case
7	capital	capital	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 has	nsubj
8	Beijing	Beijing	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 capital	appos
9	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 number	det
11	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	12 number	amod
12	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 has	obj
13	on	on	ADP	_	15 map	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 map	det
15	map	map	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 number	nmod
16	for	for	ADP	_	17 centuries	case
17	centuries	century	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 map	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Mei's capital	the biggest number		Europa		on the map for centuries	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does real history say?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 say	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 say	aux
3	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 history	amod
4	history	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 say	nsubj
5	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present · do-support	real history						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Beijing never existed before 1900, when it was built as a new capital

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Beijing	Beijing	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 existed	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 existed	advmod
3	existed	exist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	before	before	ADP	_	5 1900	case
5	1900	1900	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 existed	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 built	punct
7	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 built	advmod
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 built	nsubj:pass
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 built	aux:pass
10	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 existed	conj
11	as	as	ADP	_	14 capital	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 capital	det
13	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 capital	amod
14	capital	capital	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 built	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not exist	past	Beijing			1900			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before 1900=Location
2	build	past · passive		it				as a new capital	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 2

Beijing was a small village until 2000

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Beijing	Beijing	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 village	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 village	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 village	det
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 village	amod
5	village	village	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	until	until	ADP	_	7 2000	case
7	2000	2000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 village	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Beijing	a small village			until 2000		tree rules

Option 3

Cities in games always match history exactly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 match	nsubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	3 games	case
3	games	game	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Cities	nmod
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 match	advmod
5	match	match	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	history	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 match	obj
7	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	5 match	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	match	present	Cities in games	history				always, exactly property	vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent history=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Beijing was indeed among the world's biggest cities for long periods

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Beijing	Beijing	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 cities	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 cities	cop
3	indeed	indeed	ADV	_	9 cities	advmod
4	among	among	ADP	_	9 cities	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 world	det
6	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cities	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 world	case
8	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 cities	amod
9	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
10	for	for	ADP	_	12 periods	case
11	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 periods	amod
12	periods	period	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 cities	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Beijing					among the world's biggest cities; for long periods; indeed property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/74-the-biggest-cities-of-every-age-and-of-today/t12/