Test 6 · ★★ · When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, s…

Kwame's dad: "Ghana was first in sub-Saharan Africa, 1957, top of the class!" His uncle: "Ah, but what about Sudan?" Best answer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: dad · What happens: be · To what, where: sub-Saharan Africa

This is test 6 · ★★ of lesson 76 «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Kwame's dad: "Ghana was first in sub-Saharan Africa, 1957, top of the class!"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kwame	Kwame	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 dad	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Kwame	case
3	dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 Africa	nsubj
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 Ghana	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 Ghana	punct
6	Ghana	Ghana	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 dad	appos
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 Africa	cop
8	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	11 Africa	advmod
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 Africa	case
10	sub-Saharan	sub-Saharan	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 Africa	compound
11	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 1957	punct
13	1957	1957	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 Africa	flat
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 top	punct
15	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 Africa	appos
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 class	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 class	det
18	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 top	nmod
19	!	!	PUNCT	_	15 top	punct
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 top	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	past	Kwame's dad			sub-Saharan Africa		first property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: His uncle: "Ah, but what about Sudan?"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 uncle	nmod:poss
2	uncle	uncle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 what	nsubj
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	2 uncle	punct
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 what	punct
5	Ah	ah	INTJ	_	8 what	discourse
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Ah	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 what	cc
8	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
9	about	about	ADP	_	10 Sudan	case
10	Sudan	Sudan	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 what	nmod
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 what	punct
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 what	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 3: Best answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 answer	amod
2	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 answer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The uncle is wrong: Sudan was never a colony of anyone, so it can't be counted at all

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 uncle	det
2	uncle	uncle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wrong	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 wrong	cop
4	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 colony	punct
6	Sudan	Sudan	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 colony	nsubj
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 colony	cop
8	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	10 colony	advmod
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 colony	det
10	colony	colony	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wrong	advcl
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 anyone	case
12	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	10 colony	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 counted	punct
14	so	so	ADV	_	19 counted	advmod
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 counted	nsubj:pass
16	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 counted	aux
17	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	19 counted	advmod
18	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	19 counted	aux:pass
19	counted	count	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 wrong	conj
20	at	at	ADP	_	21 all	case
21	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	19 counted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	the uncle			wrong property	tree rules
2	not is a	past	Sudan	a colony		of anyone	tree rules
3	not count	can · passive		colony	all		vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

Ghana became free in 1800

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ghana	ghana	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 became	nsubj
2	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 became	xcomp
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 1800	case
5	1800	1800	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 became	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	past	Ghana					in 1800 result; free property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1800=Result

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Ghana is often called first, but Sudan, free in 1956, is sometimes counted first

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ghana	ghana	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 called	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 called	aux:pass
3	often	often	ADV	_	4 called	advmod
4	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 called	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 counted	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	16 counted	cc
8	Sudan	Sudan	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 counted	nsubj:pass
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 free	punct
10	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 Sudan	amod
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 1956	case
12	1956	1956	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 free	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 Sudan	punct
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 counted	aux:pass
15	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	16 counted	advmod
16	counted	count	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 called	conj
17	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	16 counted	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	present · passive		Ghana				first, often property	vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
2	count	present · passive		Sudan				first, sometimes property	vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4

Both countries are still colonies

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 countries	det
2	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 colonies	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 colonies	cop
4	still	still	ADV	_	5 colonies	advmod
5	colonies	colony	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	both countries	colonies			still		tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/76-when-civilizations-meet-seen-from-both-sides/t6/