Test 7 · ★★ · When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, s… Yuki: "Japan was never a colony." Min-jun: "Yeah, but Japan had colonies, like Korea, ya know?" Who's right?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Yuki, Japan, ya · What happens: not be, have, know, be · To what, where: colony, colonies
This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 76 «When civilizations meet: conquest, colonies and freedom, seen from both sides» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Yuki: "Japan was never a colony."
nsubj punct punct flat cop advmod det punct punct root Yuki PROPN : PUNCT " PUNCT Japan PROPN was AUX never ADV a DET colony NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Yuki Yuki PROPN Number=Sing 8 colony nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 1 Yuki punct 3 " " PUNCT _ 1 Yuki punct 4 Japan Japan PROPN Number=Sing 1 Yuki flat 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 colony cop 6 never never ADV PronType=Neg 8 colony advmod 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 colony det 8 colony colony NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 colony punct 10 " " PUNCT _ 8 colony punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is a in a quote past Yuki a colony tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Min-jun: "Yeah, but Japan had colonies, like Korea, ya know?"
compound punct punct punct discourse punct cc nsubj parataxis obj punct case nmod punct nsubj parataxis punct punct root Min NOUN - PUNCT jun NOUN : PUNCT " PUNCT Yeah INTJ , PUNCT but CCONJ Japan PROPN had VERB colonies NOUN , PUNCT like ADP Korea PROPN , PUNCT ya PRON know VERB ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Min min NOUN Number=Sing 3 jun compound 2 - - PUNCT _ 1 Min punct 3 jun jun NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 : : PUNCT _ 3 jun punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 17 know punct 6 Yeah yeah INTJ _ 10 had discourse 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 had punct 8 but but CCONJ _ 10 had cc 9 Japan Japan PROPN Number=Sing 10 had nsubj 10 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 17 know parataxis 11 colonies colony NOUN Number=Plur 10 had obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 Korea punct 13 like like ADP _ 14 Korea case 14 Korea Korea PROPN Number=Sing 11 colonies nmod 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 know punct 16 ya you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 17 know nsubj 17 know know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 jun parataxis 18 ? ? PUNCT _ 17 know punct 19 " " PUNCT _ 17 know punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have in a quote past Japan colonies like Korea vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colony=Patient 2 know in a quote present ya vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Sentence 3: Who's right?
nsubj cop punct root Who PRON 's AUX right ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Who who PRON PronType=Rel 3 right nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 right cop 3 right right ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 right punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present right property tree rules
The options Option 1 Neither; Korea ruled Japan
advmod punct nsubj obj root Neither ADV ; PUNCT Korea PROPN ruled VERB Japan PROPN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Neither neither ADV _ 4 ruled advmod 2 ; ; PUNCT _ 1 Neither punct 3 Korea Korea PROPN Number=Sing 4 ruled nsubj 4 ruled rule VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 Japan Japan PROPN Number=Sing 4 ruled obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rule past Korea Japan neither property vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent japan=Result
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer Both: Japan avoided European rule and ruled Korea and Taiwan
nsubj punct nsubj amod obj cc conj obj cc conj root Both DET : PUNCT Japan PROPN avoided VERB European ADJ rule NOUN and CCONJ ruled VERB Korea PROPN and CCONJ Taiwan PROPN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Both both DET PronType=Tot 3 Japan nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 1 Both punct 3 Japan Japan PROPN Number=Sing 4 avoided nsubj 4 avoided avoid VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 European European ADJ Degree=Pos 6 rule amod 6 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing 4 avoided obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 ruled cc 8 ruled rule VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 avoided conj 9 Korea Korea PROPN Number=Sing 8 ruled obj 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 Taiwan cc 11 Taiwan Taiwan PROPN Number=Sing 9 Korea conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 avoid past Japan European rule vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent rule=Location 2 rule past Japan not said here Korea and Taiwan vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent korea=Result
Option 3 Only Yuki: Japan never ruled anyone at all outside its own islands
advmod nsubj punct nsubj advmod obj case advmod case nmod:poss amod obl root Only ADV Yuki PROPN : PUNCT Japan PROPN never ADV ruled VERB anyone PRON at ADP all ADV outside ADP its PRON own ADJ islands NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 2 Yuki advmod 2 Yuki Yuki PROPN Number=Sing 6 ruled nsubj 3 : : PUNCT _ 6 ruled punct 4 Japan Japan PROPN Number=Sing 6 ruled nsubj 5 never never ADV PronType=Neg 6 ruled advmod 6 ruled rule VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 anyone anyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 ruled obj 8 at at ADP _ 13 islands case 9 all all ADV _ 13 islands advmod 10 outside outside ADP _ 13 islands case 11 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 islands nmod:poss 12 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 13 islands amod 13 islands island NOUN Number=Plur 6 ruled obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not rule past Yuki anyone its own islands vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent anyone=Result
Option 4 Only Min-jun; Japan was a British colony
advmod compound punct nsubj punct flat cop det amod root Only ADV Min PROPN - PUNCT jun NOUN ; PUNCT Japan PROPN was AUX a DET British ADJ colony NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 4 jun advmod 2 Min Min PROPN Number=Sing 4 jun compound 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 Min punct 4 jun jun NOUN Number=Sing 10 colony nsubj 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 4 jun punct 6 Japan Japan PROPN Number=Sing 4 jun flat 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 colony cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 colony det 9 British British ADJ Degree=Pos 10 colony amod 10 colony colony NOUN Number=Sing root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Min jun a British colony tree rules
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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