Test 3 · ★ · What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music… Lucía: "We're a mix of peoples, innit." Her mate from Haiti: "Same, we speak Kreyòl, sak pase!" ("Sak pase" means what's up, in Haitian Creole.) What's the big idea?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Lucía, we, Sak pase, big idea · What happens: be, speak, mean up · To what, where: mix, Kreyòl · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 77 «What was lost and what was gained: languages, foods, music and knowledge» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Lucía: "We're a mix of peoples, innit."
nsubj punct punct nsubj cop det case nmod punct conj punct punct root Lucía PROPN : PUNCT " PUNCT We PRON 're AUX a DET mix NOUN of ADP peoples NOUN , PUNCT innit NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lucía Lucía PROPN Number=Sing 7 mix nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 7 mix punct 3 " " PUNCT _ 7 mix punct 4 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 mix nsubj 5 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 mix cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 mix det 7 mix mix NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 peoples case 9 peoples people NOUN Number=Plur 7 mix nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 innit punct 11 innit innit NOUN Number=Sing 9 peoples conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 mix punct 13 " " PUNCT _ 7 mix punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present Lucía a mix of peoples and innit tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Her mate from Haiti: "Same, we speak Kreyòl, sak pase!"
nmod:poss nsubj case nmod punct punct punct nsubj parataxis obj punct compound parataxis punct punct root Her PRON mate NOUN from ADP Haiti PROPN : PUNCT " PUNCT Same ADJ , PUNCT we PRON speak VERB Kreyòl PROPN , PUNCT sak NOUN pase NOUN ! PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 mate nmod:poss 2 mate mate NOUN Number=Sing 7 Same nsubj 3 from from ADP _ 4 Haiti case 4 Haiti Haiti PROPN Number=Sing 2 mate nmod 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 Same punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 7 Same punct 7 Same same ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 speak punct 9 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 speak nsubj 10 speak speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 Same parataxis 11 Kreyòl Kreyòl PROPN Number=Sing 10 speak obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 pase punct 13 sak sak NOUN Number=Sing 14 pase compound 14 pase pase NOUN Number=Sing 7 Same parataxis 15 ! ! PUNCT _ 7 Same punct 16 " " PUNCT _ 7 Same punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other in a quote present we Kreyòl tree rules
Sentence 3: ("Sak pase" means what's up, in Haitian Creole.)
punct punct compound nsubj punct nsubj cop compound:prt punct case amod conj punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Sak PROPN pase NOUN " PUNCT means VERB what PRON 's AUX up ADP , PUNCT in ADP Haitian ADJ Creole PROPN . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 4 pase punct 3 Sak Sak PROPN Number=Sing 4 pase compound 4 pase pase NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 pase punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 what what PRON PronType=Int 9 up nsubj 8 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 up cop 9 up up ADP _ 6 means compound:prt 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 Creole punct 11 in in ADP _ 13 Creole case 12 Haitian haitian ADJ Degree=Pos 13 Creole amod 13 Creole Creole PROPN Number=Sing 6 means conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct 15 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean up present Sak pase vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Sentence 4: What's the big idea?
cop det amod nsubj punct root What PRON 's AUX the DET big ADJ idea NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int root root 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 What cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 idea det 4 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 5 idea amod 5 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 What punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the big idea tree rules
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice Mixing always destroys everything
nsubj advmod obj root Mixing NOUN always ADV destroys VERB everything PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mixing mixing NOUN Number=Sing 3 destroys nsubj 2 always always ADV PronType=Tot 3 destroys advmod 3 destroys destroy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 everything everything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 3 destroys obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 destroy present Mixing everything always property vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Patient
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer Meetings of peoples created new cultures and languages
nsubj case nmod amod obj cc conj root Meetings NOUN of ADP peoples NOUN created VERB new ADJ cultures NOUN and CCONJ languages NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Meetings meeting NOUN Number=Plur 4 created nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 3 peoples case 3 peoples people NOUN Number=Plur 1 Meetings nmod 4 created create VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 6 cultures amod 6 cultures culture NOUN Number=Plur 4 created obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 languages cc 8 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 6 cultures conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 create past Meetings of peoples new cultures and languages vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent culture=Result
Option 3 Creole languages are just broken French with mistakes
amod nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod xcomp case obl root Creole ADJ languages NOUN are AUX just ADV broken VERB French ADJ with ADP mistakes NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Creole creole ADJ Degree=Pos 2 languages amod 2 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 5 broken nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 broken aux:pass 4 just just ADV _ 5 broken advmod 5 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 French French ADJ Degree=Pos 5 broken xcomp 7 with with ADP _ 8 mistakes case 8 mistakes mistake NOUN Number=Plur 5 broken obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 break present · passive Creole languages with mistakes; french property vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with mistake=Instrument
Option 4 Every culture is pure and has never been mixed with any other
det nsubj cop cc aux advmod aux:pass conj case obl fixed root Every DET culture NOUN is AUX pure ADJ and CCONJ has AUX never ADV been AUX mixed VERB with ADP any DET other ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Every every DET PronType=Tot 2 culture det 2 culture culture NOUN Number=Sing 4 pure nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 pure cop 4 pure pure ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 9 mixed cc 6 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 mixed aux 7 never never ADV PronType=Neg 9 mixed advmod 8 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 9 mixed aux:pass 9 mixed mix VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 pure conj 10 with with ADP _ 11 any case 11 any any DET PronType=Ind 9 mixed obl 12 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 11 any fixed
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present every culture pure property tree rules 2 not mix present · perfect · passive every culture not said here with any vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: with any=Co-Patient
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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