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Test 7 · Humanity today: how many we are, how long we live, how poo…

Hiroshi: "So many old people in Japan, it's mad!" His Nigerien penpal: "Here everyone's young!" What would happen to a country with many old and few young people?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Hiroshi, Nigerien penpal · What happens: be, happen

This is test 7 of lesson 78 «Humanity today: how many we are, how long we live, how poor and how rich» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Hiroshi: "So many old people in Japan, it's mad!"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hiroshi	Hiroshi	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 mad	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 people	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 people	punct
4	So	so	ADV	_	5 many	advmod
5	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 people	amod
6	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 people	amod
7	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Hiroshi	appos
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 Japan	case
9	Japan	Japan	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 people	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Hiroshi	punct
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 mad	nsubj
12	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 mad	cop
13	mad	mad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
14	!	!	PUNCT	_	13 mad	punct
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 mad	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	Hiroshi					mad property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: His Nigerien penpal: "Here everyone's young!"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 penpal	nmod:poss
2	Nigerien	Nigerien	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 penpal	compound
3	penpal	penpal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 young	nsubj
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 young	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 Here	punct
6	Here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	9 young	advmod
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	9 young	nsubj
8	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 young	cop
9	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	!	!	PUNCT	_	9 young	punct
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 young	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	Hiroshi's Nigerien penpal			here		young property	tree rules

Sentence 3: What would happen to a country with many old and few young people?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 country	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 country	det
6	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happen	obl
7	with	with	ADP	_	13 people	case
8	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 people	amod
9	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 people	amod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 few	cc
11	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 old	conj
12	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 people	amod
13	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 happen	obl
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would						to a country; with many old young people	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

Nothing would ever change, the country would stay the same

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 change	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 change	aux
3	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 change	advmod
4	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 stay	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 country	det
7	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 stay	nsubj
8	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 stay	aux
9	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 change	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 same	det
11	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 stay	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	would	Nothing				ever		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	stay	would	the country					same property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Fewer workers would support more retired people

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 workers	amod
2	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 support	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 support	aux
4	support	support	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 retired	advmod
6	retired	retired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 people	amod
7	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 support	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	support	would	Fewer workers	retired people					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Stimulus

Option 3

It would need more and more schools for all the children

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 need	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 need	aux
3	need	need	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 schools	amod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 more	cc
6	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 more	conj
7	schools	school	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 need	obj
8	for	for	ADP	_	11 children	case
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 children	det:predet
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 children	det
11	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 need	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	would	It	more schools				for all children	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot school=Theme

Option 4

Everyone in that country would slowly get younger

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	7 get	nsubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	4 country	case
3	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 country	det
4	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Everyone	nmod
5	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 get	aux
6	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	7 get	advmod
7	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	younger	young	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 get	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	would	Everyone					slowly, young property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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