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Test 11 · ★★★ · Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our numbers

Chess went from India to Persia to Europe. What happened to it on the way?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Chess · What happens: go, happen · To what, where: Persia, India, Chess, way

This is test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 8 «Ancient India: Ashoka, zero and our numbers» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Chess went from India to Persia to Europe.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chess	chess	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 went	nsubj
2	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 India	case
4	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 went	obl
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 Persia	case
6	Persia	Persia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 went	obl
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 Europe	case
8	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 went	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	Chess		Persia	India		to Europe	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from india=Initial_Location to persia=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What happened to it on the way?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 happened	nsubj
2	happened	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 it	case
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 happened	obl
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 way	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 way	det
7	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 happened	obl
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 happened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	past			Chess	the way			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on way=Location

The options

Option 1

It stayed exactly the same, piece for piece

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stayed	nsubj
2	stayed	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	5 same	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 same	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 stayed	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 piece	punct
7	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stayed	obl
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 piece	case
9	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 piece	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	past	It	piece for piece				same property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It was forgotten until 1990

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 forgotten	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 forgotten	aux:pass
3	forgotten	forget	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	until	until	ADP	_	5 1990	case
5	1990	1990	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 forgotten	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forget	past · passive		It			until 1990		tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It changed into the game we play today

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 changed	nsubj
2	changed	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	5 game	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 game	det
5	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 changed	obl
6	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 play	nsubj
7	play	play	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 game	acl:relcl
8	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 changed	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	past	It				today	into the game result	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into game=Result
2	play	present	we	the game not said here					vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Theme

Option 4

It turned into football

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 turned	nsubj
2	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	4 football	case
4	football	football	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turned	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	past	It			football			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into football=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/8-ancient-india-ashoka-zero-and-our-numbers/t11/