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Test 10 · ★★ · Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, stea…

«chauffeur sounds posh, what did it first mean?» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: chauffeur · What happens: sound, mean, be

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 83 «Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, steam trains, wash day and gold sovereigns» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «chauffeur sounds posh, what did it first mean?»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 sounds	punct
2	chauffeur	chauffeur	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sounds	nsubj
3	sounds	sound	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	posh	posh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sounds	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 mean	punct
6	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	10 mean	obj
7	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 mean	aux
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 mean	nsubj
9	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	10 mean	advmod
10	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 sounds	parataxis
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 sounds	punct
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 sounds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sound in a quote	present	chauffeur					posh property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
2	mean in a quote	past · do-support	chauffeur					first property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

A French word for a racing driver

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 word	det
2	French	French	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 word	amod
3	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	7 driver	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 driver	det
6	racing	racing	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 driver	compound
7	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 word	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

A rich lord who owned many cars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 lord	det
2	rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 lord	amod
3	lord	lord	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 owned	nsubj
5	owned	own	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 lord	acl:relcl
6	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 cars	amod
7	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 owned	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	own	past	a rich lord	many cars					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot car=Theme

Option 3

A servant who polished the boots

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 servant	det
2	servant	servant	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 polished	nsubj
4	polished	polish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 servant	acl:relcl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 boots	det
6	boots	boot	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 polished	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	polish	past	a servant	the boots					vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent boot=Destination

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A man who stoked the fire of a steam engine

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 man	det
2	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stoked	nsubj
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 stoked	nsubj
4	stoked	stoke	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 fire	det
6	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stoked	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 engine	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 engine	det
9	steam	steam	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 engine	compound
10	engine	engine	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fire	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stoke	past	a man	the fire of a steam engine					tree rules
2	fire			a steam engine					nom fire «event transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns/t10/