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Test 11 · ★★★ · Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★

★★★ Tom: «Writing came first, then people invented farming so they'd have something to write about.» What's wrong?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Writing, people · What happens: come, invent, have, write, be · To what, where: farming, something

This is test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 86 «Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★★ Tom: «Writing came first, then people invented farming so they'd have something to write about.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 came	conj
2	★	★	PUNCT	_	4 Tom	punct
3	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Tom	compound
4	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 ★	nmod:unmarked
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 ★	punct
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 came	punct
7	Writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 came	nsubj
8	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	8 came	advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 invented	punct
11	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	13 invented	advmod
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 invented	nsubj
13	invented	invent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 came	conj
14	farming	farming	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 invented	obj
15	so	so	ADV	_	18 have	advmod
16	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 have	nsubj
17	'd	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 have	aux
18	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 invented	advcl
19	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	18 have	obj
20	to	to	PART	_	21 write	mark
21	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 something	acl
22	about	about	ADV	_	21 write	advmod
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 came	punct
24	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come in a quote	past	Writing					first property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	invent in a quote	past	people	farming			then		vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent farming=Result
3	have in a quote	would	people	something					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient
4	write in a quote	to-infinitive	people not said here	something not said here				about property	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Nothing; writing is much older than farming

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 writing	compound
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 older	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 older	cop
5	much	much	ADV	_	6 older	advmod
6	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
7	than	than	ADP	_	8 farming	case
8	farming	farming	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 older	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Nothing writing					than farming; old property	tree rules

Option 2

Farming came only after the printing press

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Farming	farming	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	2 came	advmod
4	after	after	ADP	_	7 press	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 press	det
6	printing	printing	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 press	compound
7	press	press	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 came	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	Farming				after the printing press		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Farming came thousands of years before writing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Farming	farming	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 came	obl:unmarked
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 years	case
5	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 thousands	nmod
6	before	before	ADP	_	7 writing	case
7	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 came	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	Farming	thousands of years		writing			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before writing=Location

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Writing and farming began on the same day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 began	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 farming	cc
3	farming	farming	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Writing	conj
4	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	8 day	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 day	det
7	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 day	amod
8	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 began	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	past	Writing and farming				day		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/t11/