Test 12 · ★★★ · Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★
★★★ Amara: «The «Kobzar» came out in 1840, right after the Opium War began in 1839, so the war caused it.» Fair?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★, Opium War, war · What happens: come out, begin, cause · To what, where: 1840, 1839, Kobzar
This is test 12 · ★★★ of lesson 86 «Olympiad: cause and effect chains ★★★» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: ★★★ Amara: «The «Kobzar» came out in 1840, right after the Opium War began in 1839, so the war caused it.»
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ★ | ★ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 came | nsubj |
| 2 | ★ | ★ | X | Foreign=Yes | 1 ★ | dep |
| 3 | ★ | ★ | ADP | _ | 4 Amara | case |
| 4 | Amara | Amara | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 ★ | nmod |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 Kobzar | punct |
| 6 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 9 Kobzar | punct |
| 7 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Kobzar | det |
| 8 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 9 Kobzar | punct |
| 9 | Kobzar | Kobzar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 ★ | appos |
| 10 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 9 Kobzar | punct |
| 11 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | out | out | ADV | _ | 11 came | advmod |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 1840 | case |
| 14 | 1840 | 1840 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 11 came | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 began | punct |
| 16 | right | right | ADV | _ | 21 began | advmod |
| 17 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 21 began | mark |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 War | det |
| 19 | Opium | Opium | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 War | compound |
| 20 | War | War | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 began | nsubj |
| 21 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 came | parataxis |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 1839 | case |
| 23 | 1839 | 1839 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 21 began | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 caused | punct |
| 25 | so | so | ADV | _ | 28 caused | advmod |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 war | det |
| 27 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 caused | nsubj |
| 28 | caused | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 came | parataxis |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 caused | obj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 28 caused | punct |
| 31 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 28 caused | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come out in a quote | past | ★ ★ Amara | 1840 | out property | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient | |||
| 2 | begin in a quote | past | the Opium War | 1839 | right property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | cause in a quote | past | the war | Kobzar | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition it=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Fair?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 2 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 Fair | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Yes; every event causes the next one
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 5 causes | discourse |
| 2 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 5 causes | punct |
| 3 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 event | det |
| 4 | event | event | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 causes | nsubj |
| 5 | causes | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 one | det |
| 7 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 one | amod |
| 8 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 causes | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cause | present | every event | the next one | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition one=Patient |
Option 2
No; the «Kobzar» caused the Opium War
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 7 caused | discourse |
| 2 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Kobzar | det |
| 4 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 5 Kobzar | punct |
| 5 | Kobzar | Kobzar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 caused | nsubj |
| 6 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 5 Kobzar | punct |
| 7 | caused | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 War | det |
| 9 | Opium | Opium | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 War | compound |
| 10 | War | War | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 caused | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cause | past | the Kobzar | the Opium War | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition war=Patient |
Option 3
Yes; the «Kobzar» is about the Opium War
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 11 War | discourse |
| 2 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Kobzar | det |
| 4 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 5 Kobzar | punct |
| 5 | Kobzar | Kobzar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 War | nsubj |
| 6 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 5 Kobzar | punct |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 War | cop |
| 8 | about | about | ADP | _ | 11 War | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 War | det |
| 10 | Opium | Opium | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 War | compound |
| 11 | War | War | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the Kobzar | about the Opium War | tree rules |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
No; after is not because
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 3 after | discourse |
| 2 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | after | after | ADP | _ | root | root |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 because | cop |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 because | advmod |
| 6 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 3 after | list |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/86-olympiad-cause-and-effect-chains/t12/