Mova0.5 pre-release⌕

☰

home / corpora / questions / Language / What language is: sounds, words and ru… / t9

Test 9 · What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares

Kai has no idea what "dreich" means. What should he do?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Kai, dreich · What happens: have, mean, do · To what, where: idea

This is test 9 of lesson 1 «What language is: sounds, words and rules everyone shares» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Kai has no idea what "dreich" means.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kai	Kai	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 idea	det
4	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
5	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	9 means	obj
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 dreich	punct
7	dreich	dreich	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 means	nsubj
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 dreich	punct
9	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 idea	acl:relcl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Kai	no idea					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Patient
2	mean	present	dreich	no idea					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What should he do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 do	obj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 do	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 do	nsubj
4	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	should	dreich						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

Reply in a different language

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Reply	reply	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	in	in	ADP	_	5 language	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 language	det
4	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 language	amod
5	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Reply	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Ignore it, because local words aren't real

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ignore	ignore	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Ignore	obj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 real	punct
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 real	mark
5	local	local	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 words	amod
6	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 real	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 real	cop
8	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 real	advmod
9	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Ignore	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ignore	imperative	you not said here	it					vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	not is	present	local words					real property	tree rules

Option 3

Decide his grandad is speaking badly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Decide	decide	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 grandad	nmod:poss
3	grandad	grandad	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 speaking	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 speaking	aux
5	speaking	speak	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Decide	ccomp
6	badly	badly	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 speaking	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	decide	imperative	you not said here						vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	speak speech: other	present · progressive	his grandad					badly property	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Look at the situation, guess, and then ask

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Look	look	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	at	at	ADP	_	4 situation	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 situation	det
4	situation	situation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Look	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 guess	punct
6	guess	guess	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Look	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 ask	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 ask	cc
9	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 ask	advmod
10	ask	ask	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Look	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	imperative	you not said here					at the situation	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at situation=Theme
2	guess	infinitive	you not said here						vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	ask speech: ask	infinitive	you not said here				then		vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/1-what-language-is-sounds-words-and-rules/t9/