Exam question 1 · Accents and dialects around the world

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the varieties of English spoken around the world?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, speak · To what, where: varieties, world · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 1 of lesson 19 «Accents and dialects around the world» of the language course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 varieties	det
10	varieties	variety	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 English	case
12	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 varieties	nmod
13	spoken	speak	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 varieties	acl
14	around	around	ADP	_	16 world	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 world	det
16	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 spoken	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the varieties of English		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	speak speech: other	participle	the varieties of English not said here	the world		vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

None is recognised as a form of English

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	None	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	3 recognised	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 recognised	aux:pass
3	recognised	recognise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	as	as	ADP	_	6 form	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 form	det
6	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 recognised	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 English	case
8	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 form	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	recognise	present · passive		None				as a form of English	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as form=Attribute
2	form			English					nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

All are identical in vocabulary and pronunciation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 identical	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 identical	cop
3	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 vocabulary	case
5	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 identical	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 pronunciation	cc
7	pronunciation	pronunciation	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 vocabulary	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	All			vocabulary and pronunciation		identical property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Each possesses distinctive vocabulary and rules of its own

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 possesses	nsubj
2	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	distinctive	distinctive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 vocabulary	amod
4	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 possesses	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 rules	cc
6	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 vocabulary	conj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 own	case
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 own	nmod:poss
9	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 rules	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	Each	distinctive vocabulary and rules of its own					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot vocabulary=Theme

Option 4

All constitute defective imitations of British English

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 constitute	advmod
2	constitute	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	defective	defective	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 imitations	amod
4	imitations	imitation	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 constitute	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 English	case
6	British	British	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 English	amod
7	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 imitations	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present		defective imitations of British English					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme imitation=Pivot
2	imitate			British English					nom imitation «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/19-accents-and-dialects-around-the-world/e1/