Test 9 · ★ · Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin

Which of these is a clipping, like "bus" from "omnibus"?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be · To what, where: omnibus

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 23 «Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 clipping	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	6 clipping	case
3	these	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	6 clipping	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 clipping	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 clipping	det
6	clipping	clipping	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 bus	punct
8	like	like	ADP	_	10 bus	case
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 bus	punct
10	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 clipping	appos
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 bus	punct
12	from	from	ADP	_	14 omnibus	case
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 omnibus	punct
14	omnibus	omnibus	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 clipping	nmod
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 omnibus	punct
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 clipping	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present				omnibus		of a clipping	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Window from vindauga

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	from	from	ADP	_	3 vindauga	case
3	vindauga	vindauga	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Window	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Phone from telephone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Phone	phone	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	from	from	ADP	_	3 telephone	case
3	telephone	telephone	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Phone	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

Sky from Old Norse

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sky	sky	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	from	from	ADP	_	4 Norse	case
3	Old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 Norse	amod
4	Norse	Norse	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Sky	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sky	imperative	you not said here			Old Norse			tree rules

Option 4

Beef from bœuf

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Beef	beef	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	from	from	ADP	_	3 bœuf	case
3	bœuf	bœuf	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Beef	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/23-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin/t9/