Test 8 · ★ · Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin Zara's mate from Glasgow says "aye, croissant's a pure Scottish word, ken." ("Ken" means you know.) What's true?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, croissant, Ken, you · What happens: say, be, mean, know · To what, where: pure Scottish word · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 23 «Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Zara's mate from Glasgow says "aye, croissant's a pure Scottish word, ken."
nmod:poss case nsubj case nmod punct discourse punct nsubj cop det amod amod ccomp punct appos punct punct root Zara PROPN 's PART mate NOUN from ADP Glasgow PROPN says VERB " PUNCT aye INTJ , PUNCT croissant NOUN 's AUX a DET pure ADJ Scottish ADJ word NOUN , PUNCT ken NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Zara Zara PROPN Number=Sing 3 mate nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Zara case 3 mate mate NOUN Number=Sing 6 says nsubj 4 from from ADP _ 5 Glasgow case 5 Glasgow Glasgow PROPN Number=Sing 3 mate nmod 6 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 " " PUNCT _ 15 word punct 8 aye aye INTJ _ 15 word discourse 9 , , PUNCT _ 8 aye punct 10 croissant croissant NOUN Number=Sing 15 word nsubj 11 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 word cop 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 word det 13 pure pure ADJ Degree=Pos 15 word amod 14 Scottish Scottish ADJ Degree=Pos 15 word amod 15 word word NOUN Number=Sing 6 says ccomp 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 ken punct 17 ken ken NOUN Number=Sing 15 word appos 18 . . PUNCT _ 15 word punct 19 " " PUNCT _ 15 word punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Zara's mate from Glasgow vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is a in a quote present croissant a pure Scottish word tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: ("Ken" means you know.)
punct punct nsubj punct nsubj ccomp punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Ken PROPN " PUNCT means VERB you PRON know VERB . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 3 Ken punct 3 Ken Ken PROPN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 Ken punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 know nsubj 7 know know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 means ccomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct 9 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Ken vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 know present you vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Sentence 3: What's true?
nsubj cop punct root What PRON 's AUX true ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 true nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 true cop 3 true true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 true punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present true property tree rules
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice It's Scottish from the 1900s
nsubj cop case det obl root It PRON 's AUX Scottish ADJ from ADP the DET 1900s NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 Scottish nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 Scottish cop 3 Scottish Scottish ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 from from ADP _ 6 1900s case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 1900s det 6 1900s 1900 NOUN Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card 3 Scottish obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It the 1900s scottish property tree rules
Option 2 It's Latin for bread
nsubj cop case obl root It PRON 's AUX Latin ADJ for ADP bread NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 Latin nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 Latin cop 3 Latin Latin ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 for for ADP _ 5 bread case 5 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 3 Latin obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It for bread; latin property tree rules
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer It's a French food word
nsubj cop det amod compound root It PRON 's AUX a DET French ADJ food NOUN word NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 word nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 word cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 word det 4 French French ADJ Degree=Pos 6 word amod 5 food food NOUN Number=Sing 6 word compound 6 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It a French food word tree rules
Option 4 It's Norse
nsubj cop root It PRON 's AUX Norse ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 Norse nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 Norse cop 3 Norse norse ADJ Degree=Pos root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It norse property tree rules
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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