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Test 2 · Homophones: words that sound the same

Your little cousin writes "the herd of cows" and her friend says it should be "heard". Who's right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: little cousin, friend · What happens: write, say, be · To what, where: herd, heard · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 of lesson 27 «Homophones: words that sound the same» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your little cousin writes "the herd of cows" and her friend says it should be "heard".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 cousin	nmod:poss
2	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cousin	amod
3	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 writes	nsubj
4	writes	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 herd	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 herd	det
7	herd	herd	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 writes	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 cows	case
9	cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 herd	nmod
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 herd	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 says	cc
12	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 friend	nmod:poss
13	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 says	nsubj
14	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 writes	conj
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 heard	nsubj
16	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 heard	aux
17	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	19 heard	cop
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 heard	punct
19	heard	heard	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 says	ccomp
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 heard	punct
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 writes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	present	Your little cousin	the herd of cows					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herd=Theme
2	say speech: assert	present	cousin's friend						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	is a in a quote	should	friend	heard					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Who's right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Your cousin, a herd is a group of animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 cousin	nmod:poss
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 group	punct
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 herd	det
5	herd	herd	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 group	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 group	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 group	det
8	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cousin	appos
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 animals	case
10	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 group	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a herd	a group				of animals	tree rules

Option 2

The friend, it's always spelled "heard" whatever it means

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 friend	det
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 spelled	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 friend	punct
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 spelled	nsubj:pass
5	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 spelled	aux
6	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	7 spelled	advmod
7	spelled	spell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 heard	punct
9	heard	heard	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 spelled	obj
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 heard	punct
11	whatever	whatever	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 means	obj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 means	nsubj
13	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 spelled	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spell	present · passive		the friend				always property	vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme heard=Manner
2	mean	present	friend	whatever					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whatever=Topic

Option 3

Both spellings mean animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 spellings	det
2	spellings	spelling	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 mean	nsubj
3	mean	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 mean	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	both spellings	animals					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Topic

Option 4

Neither, it's "hurd"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	ADV	_	6 hurd	advmod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Neither	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 hurd	nsubj
4	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 hurd	cop
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 hurd	punct
6	hurd	hurd	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 hurd	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	present	it	hurd				neither property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/27-homophones-words-that-sound-the-same/t2/