Test 8 · Verbs: doing words and being words
Mira from Derby says her pal from Bristol is "proper nesh" for wearing a scarf in May. What does she mean?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mira, pal · What happens: say, be, wear, mean · To what, where: proper nesh, scarf · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 8 of lesson 3 «Verbs: doing words and being words» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Mira from Derby says her pal from Bristol is "proper nesh" for wearing a scarf in May.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mira | Mira | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 says | nsubj |
| 2 | from | from | ADP | _ | 3 Derby | case |
| 3 | Derby | Derby | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Mira | nmod |
| 4 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 pal | nmod:poss |
| 6 | pal | pal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 nesh | nsubj |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 Bristol | case |
| 8 | Bristol | Bristol | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 pal | nmod |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 nesh | cop |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 nesh | punct |
| 11 | proper | proper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 nesh | amod |
| 12 | nesh | nesh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | ccomp |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 nesh | punct |
| 14 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 15 wearing | mark |
| 15 | wearing | wear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 says | advcl |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 scarf | det |
| 17 | scarf | scarf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 wearing | obj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 May | case |
| 19 | May | May | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 wearing | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Mira from Derby | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | Mira's pal from Bristol | proper nesh | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | wear | gerund | Mira from Derby not said here | a scarf | may | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent scarf=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What does she mean?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 mean | obj |
| 2 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 mean | aux |
| 3 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 mean | nsubj |
| 4 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 mean | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present · do-support | Mira | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Her pal is very fashionable and loves scarves
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 pal | nmod:poss |
| 2 | pal | pal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fashionable | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fashionable | cop |
| 4 | very | very | ADV | _ | 5 fashionable | advmod |
| 5 | fashionable | fashionable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 loves | cc |
| 7 | loves | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fashionable | conj |
| 8 | scarves | scarf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 loves | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Her pal | fashionable property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | love | present | Her pal not said here | scarves | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer scarf=Stimulus |
Option 2
Her pal is very brave
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 pal | nmod:poss |
| 2 | pal | pal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 brave | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 brave | cop |
| 4 | very | very | ADV | _ | 5 brave | advmod |
| 5 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Her pal | brave property | tree rules |
Option 3
Her pal is very angry
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 pal | nmod:poss |
| 2 | pal | pal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 angry | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 angry | cop |
| 4 | very | very | ADV | _ | 5 angry | advmod |
| 5 | angry | angry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Her pal | angry property | tree rules |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Her pal feels the cold very easily
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 pal | nmod:poss |
| 2 | pal | pal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 feels | nsubj |
| 3 | feels | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 cold | det |
| 5 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 feels | obj |
| 6 | very | very | ADV | _ | 7 easily | advmod |
| 7 | easily | easily | ADV | _ | 3 feels | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | feel | present | Her pal | the cold | easily property | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/3-verbs-doing-words-and-being-words/t8/