Mova0.5 pre-release⌕

☰

home / corpora / questions / Language / How babies learn to talk / t7

Test 7 · ★ · How babies learn to talk

In a cartoon a baby says "Good morning, Father, please pass the toast" on day one. What's wrong?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: baby, Father · What happens: say, pass, be · To what, where: cartoon, toast · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 31 «How babies learn to talk» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a baby says "Good morning, Father, please pass the toast" on day one.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 says	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 baby	det
5	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 says	nsubj
6	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 morning	punct
8	Good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 morning	amod
9	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 says	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 Father	punct
11	Father	Father	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 pass	nsubj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 Father	punct
13	please	please	INTJ	_	14 pass	discourse
14	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 says	ccomp
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 toast	det
16	toast	toast	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 pass	obj
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 pass	punct
18	on	on	ADP	_	19 day	case
19	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 pass	obl
20	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	19 day	flat
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a baby			a cartoon	morning		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	pass in a quote	infinitive	Father	the toast			day		vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme toast=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Babies speak only French

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 speak	nsubj
2	speak	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 French	advmod
4	French	French	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 speak	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	present	Babies	French					tree rules

Option 2

Babies only say "toast" first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 say	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 say	advmod
3	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 toast	punct
5	toast	toast	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 say	obj
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 toast	punct
7	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	3 say	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Babies	toast				first property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent toast=Topic

Option 3

Nothing, healthy babies can talk in full sentences from birth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 healthy	compound
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	healthy	healthy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 babies	amod
4	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 talk	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 talk	aux
6	talk	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 sentences	case
8	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 sentences	amod
9	sentences	sentence	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 talk	obl
10	from	from	ADP	_	11 birth	case
11	birth	birth	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 talk	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	talk	can	healthy babies			full sentences		from birth	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Real babies babble first and say first words around one year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 babies	amod
2	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 babble	nsubj
3	babble	babble	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	3 babble	advmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 say	cc
6	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 babble	conj
7	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	8 words	amod
8	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 say	obj
9	around	around	ADP	_	11 year	case
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 year	nummod
11	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 say	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	babble	present	Real babies					first property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	say speech: assert	infinitive	Real babies not said here	first words			year		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent word=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/31-how-babies-learn-to-talk/t7/