Test 6 · ★ · How babies learn to talk Your cousin from Dublin says "the wee one's mixin' Irish and English, she's all mixed up, the craic." ("Wee" means little, "the craic" here means it's fun.) What's true?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: cousin, Irish English, Wee, craic · What happens: say, mix up, mean, be · To what, where: cousin, little · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 31 «How babies learn to talk» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Your cousin from Dublin says "the wee one's mixin' Irish and English, she's all mixed up, the craic."
nmod:poss nsubj case nmod punct det amod nmod:poss case ccomp punct amod cc appos punct nsubj:pass aux advmod acl:relcl compound:prt punct det conj punct punct root Your PRON cousin NOUN from ADP Dublin PROPN says VERB " PUNCT the DET wee ADJ one NOUN 's PART mixin NOUN ' PUNCT Irish ADJ and CCONJ English PROPN , PUNCT she PRON 's AUX all ADV mixed VERB up ADP , PUNCT the DET craic NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 cousin nmod:poss 2 cousin cousin NOUN Number=Sing 5 says nsubj 3 from from ADP _ 4 Dublin case 4 Dublin Dublin PROPN Number=Sing 2 cousin nmod 5 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 " " PUNCT _ 11 mixin punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 one det 8 wee wee ADJ Degree=Pos 9 one amod 9 one one NOUN Number=Sing 11 mixin nmod:poss 10 's 's PART _ 9 one case 11 mixin mixin NOUN Number=Sing 5 says ccomp 12 ' ' PUNCT _ 15 English punct 13 Irish Irish ADJ Degree=Pos 15 English amod 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 English cc 15 English English PROPN Number=Sing 11 mixin appos 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 mixed punct 17 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 20 mixed nsubj:pass 18 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 mixed aux 19 all all ADV _ 20 mixed advmod 20 mixed mix VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 15 English acl:relcl 21 up up ADP _ 20 mixed compound:prt 22 , , PUNCT _ 24 craic punct 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 craic det 24 craic craic NOUN Number=Sing 15 English conj 25 . . PUNCT _ 15 English punct 26 " " PUNCT _ 11 mixin punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Your cousin from Dublin vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 mix up in a quote present · passive Irish English and the craic not said here cousin all property vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: ("Wee" means little, "the craic" here means it's fun.)
punct punct nsubj punct obj punct punct det nsubj punct advmod conj nsubj cop ccomp punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Wee NOUN " PUNCT means VERB little ADJ , PUNCT " PUNCT the DET craic NOUN " PUNCT here ADV means VERB it PRON 's AUX fun ADJ . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 3 Wee punct 3 Wee wee NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 Wee punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 13 means punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 10 craic punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 craic det 10 craic craic NOUN Number=Sing 13 means nsubj 11 " " PUNCT _ 10 craic punct 12 here here ADV PronType=Dem 13 means advmod 13 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 means conj 14 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 fun nsubj 15 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 fun cop 16 fun fun ADJ Degree=Pos 13 means ccomp 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct 18 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Wee little vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Topic 2 mean present the craic here vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 is present craic fun property tree rules
Sentence 3: What's true?
nsubj cop punct root What PRON 's AUX true ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 true nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 true cop 3 true true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 true punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present true property tree rules
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer Mixing languages is a normal step for children with two languages
csubj obj cop det amod case nmod case nummod nmod root Mixing VERB languages NOUN is AUX a DET normal ADJ step NOUN for ADP children NOUN with ADP two NUM languages NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mixing mix VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 step csubj 2 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 1 Mixing obj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 step cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 step det 5 normal normal ADJ Degree=Pos 6 step amod 6 step step NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 for for ADP _ 8 children case 8 children child NOUN Number=Plur 6 step nmod 9 with with ADP _ 11 languages case 10 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 languages nummod 11 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 6 step nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mix gerund languages vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient 2 is a present Mixing a normal step for children; with two languages tree rules
Option 2 She will never learn either language
nsubj aux advmod cc:preconj obj root She PRON will AUX never ADV learn VERB either CCONJ language NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 learn nsubj 2 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 learn aux 3 never never ADV PronType=Neg 4 learn advmod 4 learn learn VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 either either CCONJ _ 6 language cc:preconj 6 language language NOUN Number=Sing 4 learn obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not learn future She language vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Topic
Option 3 She is badly confused
nsubj cop advmod root She PRON is AUX badly ADV confused ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 confused nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 confused cop 3 badly badly ADV Degree=Pos 4 confused advmod 4 confused confused ADJ Degree=Pos root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present She badly, confused property tree rules
Option 4 She should stop one language
nsubj aux nummod obj root She PRON should AUX stop VERB one NUM language NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 stop nsubj 2 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 stop aux 3 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 language nummod 5 language language NOUN Number=Sing 3 stop obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop should She one language vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector language=Eventuality
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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