Test 7 · ★★ · Ukrainian compared with English

Your mate laughs "so in Ukrainian a window is neither boy nor girl, lol, it's an IT." What's true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate, window · What happens: laugh, be · To what, where: boy, IT

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 33 «Ukrainian compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your mate laughs "so in Ukrainian a window is neither boy nor girl, lol, it's an IT."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 laughs	nsubj
3	laughs	laugh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 boy	punct
5	so	so	ADV	_	12 boy	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 Ukrainian	case
7	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 so	obl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 window	det
9	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 boy	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 boy	cop
11	neither	neither	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	12 boy	cc:preconj
12	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 laughs	ccomp
13	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	14 girl	cc
14	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 boy	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 IT	punct
16	lol	lol	INTJ	_	21 IT	discourse
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 lol	punct
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 IT	nsubj
19	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 IT	cop
20	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 IT	det
21	IT	IT	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 boy	conj
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 boy	punct
23	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 boy	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	laugh	present	Your mate		vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a in a quote	present	a window	boy nor girl and a IT	tree rules
3	is a in a quote	present	window	a IT	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

"Вікно" is neuter, a grammar label, not a real "it-person"

The tree, 11 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Вікно	punct
2	Вікно	Вікно	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 neuter	compound
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Вікно	punct
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 neuter	cop
5	neuter	neuter	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 label	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 label	det
8	grammar	grammar	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 label	compound
9	label	label	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 neuter	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 person	punct
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 person	advmod
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 person	det
13	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 person	amod
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 person	punct
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 person	nsubj
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	17 person	punct
17	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 neuter	appos
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 person	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		Вікно neuter and a grammar label					tree rules
2	not person in a quote		label						tree rules

Option 2

It's a mistake in Ukrainian

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 mistake	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 mistake	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 mistake	det
4	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 Ukrainian	case
6	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 mistake	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a mistake		Ukrainian			tree rules

Option 3

Only English has neuter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 has	advmod
2	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	neuter	neuter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	English	neuter					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent neuter=Patient

Option 4

Windows really have a gender

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Windows	window	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 have	advmod
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 gender	det
5	gender	gender	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Windows	a gender					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gender=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/33-ukrainian-compared-with-english/t7/