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Test 1 · ★ · Mandarin compared with English

Your mate goes "tones are just a Chinese accent, innit, doesn't change nothin'." What's true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, tones · What happens: go, be, not change · To what, where: Chinese accent, nothin · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 34 «Mandarin compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your mate goes "tones are just a Chinese accent, innit, doesn't change nothin'."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 goes	nsubj
3	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 accent	punct
5	tones	tone	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 accent	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 accent	cop
7	just	just	ADV	_	10 accent	advmod
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 accent	det
9	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 accent	amod
10	accent	accent	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 goes	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 innit	punct
12	innit	innit	INTJ	_	10 accent	discourse
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 change	punct
14	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 change	aux
15	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	16 change	advmod
16	change	change	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 goes	parataxis
17	nothin	nothin	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 change	obj
18	'	'	PUNCT	_	16 change	punct
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 goes	punct
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 goes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present	Your mate						vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	is a in a quote	present	tones	a Chinese accent					tree rules
3	not change in a quote	present · do-support		nothin					vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothin=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Tones only matter in songs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tones	tone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 matter	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 matter	advmod
3	matter	matter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 songs	case
5	songs	song	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 matter	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	matter	present	Tones			songs			vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 2

He's right, tones are just a kind of accent

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 kind	punct
5	tones	tone	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 kind	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 kind	cop
7	just	just	ADV	_	9 kind	advmod
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 kind	det
9	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 right	parataxis
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 accent	case
11	accent	accent	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 kind	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	is a	present	tones	a kind				of accent	tree rules

Option 3

Tones only show if you're angry

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tones	tone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 show	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 show	advmod
3	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	7 angry	mark
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 angry	nsubj
6	're	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 angry	cop
7	angry	angry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 show	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	Tones						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a condition, not said to happen	present	you					angry property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Tones change which word you're saying

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tones	tone	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 change	nsubj
2	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	4 word	det
4	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 change	obj
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 saying	nsubj
6	're	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 saying	aux
7	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 change	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	Tones	which word					vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient
2	say speech: assert	present · progressive	you						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/t1/