Test 4 · ★ · Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds

What would happen if nobody had ever split "hamburger" into "ham" + "burger"?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · What happens: happen, split · To what, where: nobody, ham

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 37 «Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	8 split	mark
5	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	8 split	nsubj:pass
6	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 split	aux
7	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	8 split	advmod
8	split	split	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 happen	advcl
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 hamburger	punct
10	hamburger	hamburger	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 split	obj
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 hamburger	punct
12	into	into	ADP	_	14 ham	case
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 ham	punct
14	ham	ham	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 split	obl
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 ham	punct
16	+	+	SYM	_	18 burger	cc
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 burger	punct
18	burger	burger	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 ham	conj
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 burger	punct
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	split a condition, not said to happen	past · perfect · passive		nobody		ham + burger	ever		vn break-45.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Patient hamburger=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Hamburgers would be called Hamburg pies by law

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hamburgers	hamburger	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 called	nsubj:pass
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 called	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 called	aux:pass
4	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	Hamburg	Hamburg	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 pies	compound
6	pies	pie	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 called	xcomp
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 law	case
8	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 called	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	would · passive	law	Hamburgers					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

We probably wouldn't say "cheeseburger" or "veggie burger"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 say	nsubj
2	probably	probably	ADV	_	5 say	advmod
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 say	aux
4	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 say	advmod
5	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 cheeseburger	punct
7	cheeseburger	cheeseburger	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 say	obj
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 cheeseburger	punct
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 burger	cc
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 burger	punct
11	veggie	veggie	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 burger	compound
12	burger	burger	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cheeseburger	conj
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 burger	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not say speech: assert	would	We	cheeseburger or veggie burger				probably property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent cheeseburger=Topic

Option 3

Nothing at all would change in English

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 change	nsubj
2	at	at	ADP	_	3 all	case
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	1 Nothing	nmod
4	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 change	aux
5	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 English	case
7	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 change	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	would	Nothing			English			vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

We would have no word at all for sandwiches

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 have	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 have	aux
3	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 word	det
5	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 have	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 word	nmod
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 sandwiches	case
9	sandwiches	sandwich	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 word	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	would	We	no word		all		for sandwiches	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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