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Test 5 · Words that changed their meaning

A Gen Z teen says "my dad's so random, lowkey." ("Lowkey" means a bit.) What does "random" mean here?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Z teen, dad, Lowkey, random · What happens: say, be, mean · To what, where: bit · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 of lesson 38 «Words that changed their meaning» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A Gen Z teen says "my dad's so random, lowkey."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 teen	det
2	Gen	gen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 Z	compound
3	Z	z	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 teen	compound
4	teen	teen	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 says	nsubj
5	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 random	punct
7	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 dad	nmod:poss
8	dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 random	nsubj
9	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 random	cop
10	so	so	ADV	_	11 random	advmod
11	random	random	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 says	ccomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 lowkey	punct
13	lowkey	lowkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 random	vocative
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 random	punct
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 random	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a Z teen						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is in a quote	present	my dad					lowkey vocative; random property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: ("Lowkey" means a bit.)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Lowkey	punct
3	Lowkey	Lowkey	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Lowkey	punct
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 bit	det
7	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
9	)	)	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Lowkey	a bit					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Topic

Sentence 3: What does "random" mean here?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 mean	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 mean	aux
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 random	punct
4	random	random	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 mean	nsubj
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 random	punct
6	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 mean	advmod
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present · do-support	random			here			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1

Very old and wise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Very	very	ADV	_	2 old	advmod
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 wise	cc
4	wise	wise	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 old	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Always on time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	root	root
2	on	on	ADP	_	3 time	case
3	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Always	obl

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Strange and unexpected

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Strange	strange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 unexpected	cc
3	unexpected	unexpected	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Strange	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

Chosen by drawing lots

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chosen	choose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	by	by	SCONJ	_	3 drawing	mark
3	drawing	draw	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Chosen	advcl
4	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 drawing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	choose	participle							vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	draw	gerund		lots					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/38-words-that-changed-their-meaning/t5/