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Test 9 · Words that changed their meaning

Your mate says "a mouse is an animal, the computer one is a mistake." What's the fair answer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, mouse, computer one, fair answer · What happens: say, be · To what, where: animal, mistake · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 of lesson 38 «Words that changed their meaning» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your mate says "a mouse is an animal, the computer one is a mistake."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 animal	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 mouse	det
6	mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 animal	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 animal	cop
8	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 animal	det
9	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	ccomp
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 mistake	punct
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 one	det
12	computer	computer	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 one	compound
13	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 mistake	nsubj
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 mistake	cop
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 mistake	det
16	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 animal	parataxis
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	16 mistake	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	16 mistake	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Your mate						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a in a quote	present	a mouse	a animal					tree rules
3	is a in a quote	present	the computer one	a mistake					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's the fair answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 answer	det
4	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 answer	amod
5	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the fair answer						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The computer meaning is older than the animal one

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 meaning	det
2	computer	computer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 meaning	compound
3	meaning	meaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 older	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 older	cop
5	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
6	than	than	ADP	_	9 one	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 one	det
8	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 one	compound
9	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 older	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the computer meaning					than the animal one; old property	tree rules

Option 2

"Mouse" only means the computer thing now

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Mouse	punct
2	Mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Mouse	punct
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 means	advmod
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 thing	det
7	computer	computer	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 thing	compound
8	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	obj
9	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	5 means	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Mouse	the computer thing			now		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Old words get new jobs with new technology, and both meanings are right

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 words	amod
2	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 get	nsubj
3	get	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 jobs	amod
5	jobs	job	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 get	obj
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 technology	case
7	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 technology	amod
8	technology	technology	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 get	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 right	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 right	cc
11	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	12 meanings	det
12	meanings	meaning	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 right	nsubj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 right	cop
14	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 get	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	present	Old words	new jobs				with new technology	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer job=Stimulus
2	is	present	both meanings					right property	tree rules

Option 4

He's right, the computer meaning is just a mistake that people keep making

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 mistake	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 meaning	det
6	computer	computer	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 meaning	compound
7	meaning	meaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 mistake	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 mistake	cop
9	just	just	ADV	_	11 mistake	advmod
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 mistake	det
11	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 right	parataxis
12	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 keep	obj
13	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 keep	nsubj
14	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 mistake	acl:relcl
15	making	make	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 right	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	is a	present	the computer meaning	a mistake					tree rules
3	keep	present	people	a mistake					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme
4	make	gerund	He not said here						vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/38-words-that-changed-their-meaning/t9/