Test 11 · ★ · Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who

Lola's pal writes "The teacher smiled at Sam and I." Using the take-out trick, what should it be?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: pal, teacher · What happens: write, smile, use, be · To what, where: Sam, out trick · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 5 «Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lola	Lola	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 pal	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Lola	case
3	pal	pal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 writes	nsubj
4	writes	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 smiled	punct
6	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 teacher	det
7	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 smiled	nsubj
8	smiled	smile	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 writes	ccomp
9	at	at	ADP	_	10 Sam	case
10	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 smiled	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 I.	cc
12	I.	I.	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Sam	conj
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 Using	punct
14	Using	use	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 smiled	advcl
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 trick	det
16	take	take	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 out	compound
17	-	-	PUNCT	_	16 take	punct
18	out	out	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 trick	compound
19	trick	trick	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 Using	obj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 be	punct
21	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	24 be	obj
22	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 be	aux
23	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 be	nsubj
24	be	be	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 trick	conj
25	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 writes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	write	present	Lola's pal			vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	smile in a quote	past	the teacher		Sam and I.	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	use	gerund	the teacher not said here	the out trick		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trick=Patient
4	be	should	teacher	the out trick		vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

at Sam and me, because "smiled at me"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	at	at	ADP	_	2 Sam	case
2	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 smiled	obl
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 me	cc
4	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 Sam	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 smiled	punct
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 smiled	mark
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 smiled	punct
8	smiled	smile	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	at	at	ADP	_	10 me	case
10	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 smiled	obl
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 smiled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	smile in a quote	past				Sam		at me	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

at Sam and I, because "and I" is polite

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	at	at	ADP	_	2 Sam	case
2	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 polite	obl
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 I	cc
4	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 Sam	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 I	punct
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 I	mark
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 because	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 I	cc
9	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 Sam	conj
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 I	punct
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 polite	cop
12	polite	polite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present				Sam		polite property	tree rules

Option 3

at I and Sam, because I comes first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	at	at	ADP	_	2 I	case
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 comes	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 Sam	cc
4	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 I	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 comes	punct
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 comes	mark
7	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 comes	nsubj
8	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	8 comes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	I					first property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

at Sam and myself, because it's posher

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	at	at	ADP	_	2 Sam	case
2	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 myself	cc
4	myself	myself	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 Sam	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 posher	punct
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 posher	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 posher	nsubj
8	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 posher	cop
9	posher	posh	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 Sam	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	it	Sam not said here				posh property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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