Exam question 4 · Told you a hundred times: how other languages exaggerate a…

Select the response consistent with the established principles of translation in respect of the French «J'ai une faim de loup».

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: select, establish · To what, where: response, respect

This is exam question 4 of lesson 53 «Told you a hundred times: how other languages exaggerate and play down» of the language course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 principles	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 principles	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 principles	amod
8	principles	principle	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Select	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 translation	case
10	translation	translation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 principles	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 respect	case
12	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	17 J'ai	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 French	det
15	French	French	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 J'ai	nsubj
16	«	«	PUNCT	_	17 J'ai	punct
17	J'ai	J'ai	X	Foreign=Yes	21 loup	flat:foreign
18	une	une	X	_	21 loup	flat:foreign
19	faim	faim	X	Foreign=Yes	21 loup	flat:foreign
20	de	de	X	Foreign=Yes	19 faim	flat:foreign
21	loup	loup	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 respect	nmod
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	21 loup	punct
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		respect J'ai une faim loup		with the established principles of translation; consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle							vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is to be rendered as «I have seen a wolf»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 rendered	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 rendered	aux:pass
3	to	to	PART	_	5 rendered	mark
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 rendered	aux:pass
5	rendered	render	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	as	as	SCONJ	_	10 seen	mark
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 seen	punct
8	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 seen	nsubj
9	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 seen	aux
10	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 rendered	advcl
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 wolf	det
12	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 seen	obj
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 seen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	see in a quote	present · perfect	I	a wolf					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wolf=Stimulus

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It is to be rendered by its meaning, «I am very hungry»

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 rendered	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 rendered	aux:pass
3	to	to	PART	_	5 rendered	mark
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 rendered	aux:pass
5	rendered	render	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 meaning	case
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 meaning	nmod:poss
8	meaning	meaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rendered	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 hungry	punct
10	«	«	PUNCT	_	14 hungry	punct
11	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 hungry	nsubj
12	am	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 hungry	cop
13	very	very	ADV	_	14 hungry	advmod
14	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 rendered	parataxis
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 hungry	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	render	present · passive	its meaning	It		tree rules
2	is in a quote	present	I		hungry property	tree rules
3	mean		its = it			nom meaning «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

It is to be omitted as untranslatable

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 omitted	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 omitted	aux
3	to	to	PART	_	5 omitted	mark
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 omitted	aux:pass
5	omitted	omit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	as	as	ADP	_	7 untranslatable	case
7	untranslatable	untranslatable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 omitted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	omit	present · passive		It				as untranslatable	vn exclude-107.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

It is to be rendered word for word as «I have a wolf's hunger» and no more

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 word	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 word	cop
3	to	to	PART	_	5 rendered	mark
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 rendered	aux:pass
5	rendered	render	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 word	amod
6	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 word	case
8	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 word	nmod
9	as	as	SCONJ	_	12 have	mark
10	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 have	punct
11	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 have	nsubj
12	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 word	advcl
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 wolf	det
14	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 hunger	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 wolf	case
16	hunger	hunger	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 have	obj
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 have	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 more	cc
19	no	no	ADV	_	20 more	advmod
20	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	12 have	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	render	to-infinitive · passive				vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»
2	is a	present	It	rendered word	for word	tree rules
3	have in a quote	present	I	a wolf's hunger		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hunger=Patient
4	hunger in a quote		a wolf			nom hunger «state intransitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/53-told-you-a-hundred-times-how-other-languages-exaggerate-and-play-down/e4/