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Test 10 · ★★★ · ★★★ Olympiad: hyperbole and downplaying puzzles

★★★ «Could be worse», said after a 6–0 defeat, and «Not bad for a beginner», said after a first length. Which is praise?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★ · What happens: be, say · To what, where: praise · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 55 «★★★ Olympiad: hyperbole and downplaying puzzles» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★★ «Could be worse», said after a 6–0 defeat, and «Not bad for a beginner», said after a first length.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 said	nsubj
2	★	★	X	Foreign=Yes	1 ★	dep
3	★	★	X	Foreign=Yes	1 ★	dep
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 worse	punct
5	Could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 worse	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 worse	cop
7	worse	bad	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	1 ★	acl:relcl
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 worse	punct
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 ★	punct
10	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	after	after	ADP	_	16 defeat	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 defeat	det
13	6	6	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	16 defeat	nummod
14	–	–	SYM	ExtPos=ADP	15 0	case
15	0	0	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	13 6	nmod
16	defeat	defeat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 said	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 bad	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 bad	cc
19	«	«	PUNCT	_	21 bad	punct
20	Not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	21 bad	advmod
21	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 said	ccomp
22	for	for	ADP	_	24 beginner	case
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 beginner	det
24	beginner	beginner	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 bad	obl
25	»	»	PUNCT	_	21 bad	punct
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 said	punct
27	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 said	conj
28	after	after	ADP	_	31 length	case
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 length	det
30	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	31 length	amod
31	length	length	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 said	obl
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	could	★ not said here					bad property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	past	★				after a 6 defeat		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	say speech: assert	past	★ not said here				after a first length		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which is praise?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 praise	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 praise	cop
3	praise	praise	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 praise	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		praise					tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Both of them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 them	case
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Both	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Neither of them is any kind of praise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	6 kind	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 them	case
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Neither	nmod
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 kind	cop
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 kind	det
6	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 praise	case
8	praise	praise	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kind	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Neither	any kind				of praise	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

«Not bad for a beginner»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 bad	punct
2	Not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 bad	advmod
3	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 beginner	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 beginner	det
6	beginner	beginner	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bad	obl
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 bad	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

«Could be worse»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 worse	punct
2	Could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 worse	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 worse	cop
4	worse	bad	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 worse	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	could						bad property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/language/55-olympiad-hyperbole-and-downplaying-puzzles/t10/