Test 10 · ★ · Antibiotics, viruses and side effects

Why did doctors before the 1940s fear a scratch from a rusty fence more than doctors do now?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: doctors · What happens: fear, do · To what, where: scratch, rusty fence

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 19 «Antibiotics, viruses and side effects» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 fear	advmod
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 fear	aux
3	doctors	doctor	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 fear	nsubj
4	before	before	ADP	_	6 1940s	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 1940s	det
6	1940s	1940	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 doctors	nmod
7	fear	fear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 scratch	det
9	scratch	scratch	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fear	obj
10	from	from	ADP	_	13 fence	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 fence	det
12	rusty	rusty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 fence	amod
13	fence	fence	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fear	obl
14	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	13 fence	amod
15	than	than	SCONJ	_	17 do	mark
16	doctors	doctor	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 do	nsubj
17	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 more	advcl
18	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	7 fear	advmod
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 fear	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fear	past · do-support	doctors before the 1940s	a scratch		a rusty fence	now		vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer scratch=Stimulus
2	do	present	doctors						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

People in those days had much thinner skin than people today

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 had	nsubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	4 days	case
3	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	4 days	det
4	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 People	nmod
5	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	much	much	ADV	_	7 thinner	advmod
7	thinner	thin	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 skin	amod
8	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 had	obj
9	than	than	ADP	_	10 people	case
10	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 had	obl
11	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 had	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	People in that days	thinner skin			today	than people	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Infected wounds could not be treated with antibiotics then

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Infected	infected	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 wounds	amod
2	wounds	wound	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 treated	nsubj:pass
3	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 treated	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 treated	advmod
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 treated	aux:pass
6	treated	treat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	8 antibiotics	case
8	antibiotics	antibiotic	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 treated	obl
9	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 treated	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not treat	could · passive		Infected wounds			then	with antibiotics	vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: subject=Recipient with antibiotic=Theme

Option 3

Bacteria did not exist yet, so the danger came from the rust

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 exist	nsubj
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 exist	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 exist	advmod
4	exist	exist	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	yet	yet	ADV	_	4 exist	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 came	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	10 came	advmod
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 danger	det
9	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 came	nsubj
10	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 exist	parataxis
11	from	from	ADP	_	13 rust	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 rust	det
13	rust	rust	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 came	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not exist	past · do-support	Bacteria				yet		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	come	past	the danger			the rust			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from rust=Initial_Location

Option 4

Fences in the past were much sharper and rustier than they are now

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fences	fence	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 sharper	nsubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	4 past	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 past	det
4	past	past	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Fences	nmod
5	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 sharper	cop
6	much	much	ADV	_	7 sharper	advmod
7	sharper	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 rustier	cc
9	rustier	rusty	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 sharper	conj
10	than	than	SCONJ	_	12 are	mark
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 are	nsubj
12	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 sharper	advcl
13	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 are	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Fences in the past		sharp property	tree rules
2	be		Fences in the past not said here			tree rules
3	does	present	Fences = fence	now		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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