Exam question 2 · Vaccinations and why

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the alleged association between the MMR vaccine and autism.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, allege · To what, where: response, alleged association

This is exam question 2 of lesson 29 «Vaccinations and why» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 association	det
11	alleged	allege	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 association	amod
12	association	association	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
13	between	between	ADP	_	16 vaccine	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 vaccine	det
15	MMR	MMR	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 vaccine	compound
16	vaccine	vaccine	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 association	nmod
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 autism	cc
18	autism	autism	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 vaccine	conj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the alleged association	between the MMR vaccine and autism	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus association=Experiencer
4	allege speech: other	participle				vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The study alleging it was found to be fraudulent and withdrawn, and no link has been found

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 study	det
2	study	study	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 found	nsubj:pass
3	alleging	allege	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 study	acl
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 alleging	obj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 found	aux:pass
6	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	9 fraudulent	mark
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 fraudulent	cop
9	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 found	xcomp
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 withdrawn	cc
11	withdrawn	withdraw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 fraudulent	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 found	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 found	cc
14	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	15 link	det
15	link	link	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 found	nsubj:pass
16	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 found	aux
17	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	18 found	aux:pass
18	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 found	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	allege speech: other	gerund	the study not said here	study		vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic
2	find	past · passive		the study		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
3	is	to-infinitive	the study not said here		fraudulent property	tree rules
4	withdraw	participle	the study not said here			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	find	present · perfect · passive		no link		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Option 2

The association is confirmed in respect of boys only

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 association	det
2	association	association	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 confirmed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 confirmed	aux:pass
4	confirmed	confirm	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 respect	case
6	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 confirmed	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 boys	case
8	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 respect	nmod
9	only	only	ADV	_	8 boys	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confirm	present · passive		the association		respect of boys			vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
2	respect			boys					nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

The association was conclusively established in 1998 and subsequently confirmed by large investigations

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 association	det
2	association	association	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 established	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 established	aux:pass
4	conclusively	conclusively	ADV	_	5 established	advmod
5	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 1998	case
7	1998	1998	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 established	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 confirmed	cc
9	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	_	10 confirmed	advmod
10	confirmed	confirm	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 established	conj
11	by	by	ADP	_	13 investigations	case
12	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 investigations	amod
13	investigations	investigation	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 confirmed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	establish	past · passive		the association		1998		conclusively property	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	confirm	participle						by large investigations; subsequently property	vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot

Option 4

No investigation has ever been undertaken

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 investigation	det
2	investigation	investigation	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 undertaken	nsubj:pass
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 undertaken	aux
4	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	6 undertaken	advmod
5	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 undertaken	aux:pass
6	undertaken	undertake	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	undertake	present · perfect · passive		no investigation			ever		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/29-vaccinations-and-why/e2/