Test 9 · Sprains, strains and bruises

Which is the right difference?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be · To what, where: right difference

This is test 9 of lesson 3 «Sprains, strains and bruises» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 difference	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 difference	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 difference	det
4	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 difference	amod
5	difference	difference	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 difference	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		the right difference					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A sprain hurts muscle; a strain hurts the bone itself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 sprain	det
2	sprain	sprain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hurts	nsubj
3	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hurts	obj
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 hurts	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 strain	det
7	strain	strain	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hurts	nsubj
8	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hurts	conj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 bone	det
10	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hurts	obj
11	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	10 bone	nmod:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hurt	present	a sprain	muscle					vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer muscle=Patient
2	hurt	present	a strain	the bone strain					vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bone=Patient

Option 2

They are both just names for broken bones

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 names	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 names	cop
3	both	both	ADV	_	5 names	advmod
4	just	just	ADV	_	5 names	advmod
5	names	name	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 bones	case
7	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 bones	amod
8	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 names	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	names				for broken bones; both property	tree rules
2	break	participle							vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

A sprain hurts ligaments; a strain hurts muscle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 sprain	det
2	sprain	sprain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hurts	nsubj
3	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	ligaments	ligament	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hurts	obj
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 hurts	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 strain	det
7	strain	strain	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hurts	nsubj
8	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hurts	conj
9	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hurts	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hurt	present	a sprain	ligaments					vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ligament=Patient
2	hurt	present	a strain	muscle					vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer muscle=Patient

Option 4

A strain is only a big bruise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 strain	det
2	strain	strain	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bruise	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 bruise	cop
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 bruise	advmod
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 bruise	det
6	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 bruise	amod
7	bruise	bruise	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a strain	a big bruise					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/t9/