Exam question 2 · Germs, the immune system and hand-washing

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the so-called five-second rule.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, call · To what, where: response, second rule · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 2 of lesson 30 «Germs, the immune system and hand-washing» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 rule	det
11	so	so	ADV	_	13 called	advmod
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 so	punct
13	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 rule	acl
14	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 second	nummod
15	-	-	PUNCT	_	14 five	punct
16	second	second	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	17 rule	amod
17	rule	rule	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the second rule		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus rule=Experiencer
4	call	participle		the second rule not said here		vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The rule is endorsed by food safety authorities

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rule	det
2	rule	rule	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 endorsed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 endorsed	aux:pass
4	endorsed	endorse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 authorities	case
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 safety	compound
7	safety	safety	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 authorities	compound
8	authorities	authority	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 endorsed	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	endorse	present · passive	safety authorities	the rule					vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary

Option 2

Bacteria cannot transfer to dry food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 transfer	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 transfer	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 transfer	advmod
4	transfer	transfer	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 dry	mark
6	dry	dry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 transfer	xcomp
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dry	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not transfer	can	Bacteria						tree rules
2	dry	to-infinitive	Bacteria not said here	food					vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient food=Result

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Bacteria may be transferred to food in less than one second

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 transferred	nsubj:pass
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 transferred	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 transferred	aux:pass
4	transferred	transfer	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 food	case
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 transferred	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	11 second	case
8	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV	10 one	advmod
9	than	than	ADP	_	8 less	fixed
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 second	nummod
11	second	second	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 transferred	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transfer	may · passive		Bacteria	food		second		vn contribute-13.2-2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to food=Recipient

Option 4

Bacteria require a minimum of five seconds to transfer to food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 require	nsubj
2	require	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 minimum	det
4	minimum	minimum	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 require	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 seconds	case
6	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 seconds	nummod
7	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 minimum	nmod
8	to	to	PART	_	9 transfer	mark
9	transfer	transfer	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 require	advcl
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 food	case
11	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 transfer	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present	Bacteria	a minimum of five seconds					vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme minimum=Precondition
2	transfer	to-infinitive	Bacteria not said here		food				vn contribute-13.2-2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to food=Recipient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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