Exam question 3 · Germs, the immune system and hand-washing

Ascertain the scientists credited with demonstrating, in the nineteenth century, that micro-organisms cause infectious disease.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, scientists, micro-organisms · What happens: ascertain, credit, demonstrate, cause · To what, where: infectious disease

This is exam question 3 of lesson 30 «Germs, the immune system and hand-washing» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 scientists	det
3	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 credited	nsubj
4	credited	credit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Ascertain	ccomp
5	with	with	SCONJ	_	6 demonstrating	mark
6	demonstrating	demonstrate	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 credited	advcl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 century	punct
8	in	in	ADP	_	11 century	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 century	det
10	nineteenth	nineteenth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 century	amod
11	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 demonstrating	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 cause	punct
13	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	14 micro-organisms	det
14	micro-organisms	micro-organism	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 cause	nsubj
15	cause	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 century	advcl
16	infectious	infectious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 disease	amod
17	disease	disease	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 cause	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here			vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	credit	past	the scientists			vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	demonstrate	gerund	the scientists not said here		century	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	cause	present	that micro-organisms	infectious disease		vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition disease=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Edward Jenner and Joseph Priestley

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Edward	Edward	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Jenner	compound
2	Jenner	Jenner	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 Joseph	cc
4	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Jenner	conj
5	Priestley	Priestley	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Joseph	flat

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Louis	Louis	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	Pasteur	Pasteur	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Louis	flat
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 Robert	cc
4	Robert	Robert	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Louis	conj
5	Koch	Koch	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Robert	flat

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

Isaac Newton and Robert Hooke

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Isaac	Isaac	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	Newton	Newton	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Isaac	flat
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 Robert	cc
4	Robert	Robert	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Isaac	conj
5	Hooke	Hooke	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Robert	flat

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

Alexander Fleming and Howard Florey

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Alexander	Alexander	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	Fleming	Fleming	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Alexander	flat
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 Howard	cc
4	Howard	Howard	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Alexander	conj
5	Florey	Florey	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Howard	flat

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/30-germs-the-immune-system-and-hand-washing/e3/