Exam question 4 · Heart and lungs when you run

Whereas breathlessness during exertion is normal, ascertain which occurrence requires an immediate call to the emergency services.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: occurrence · What happens: be, ascertain, require · To what, where: immediate call

This is exam question 4 of lesson 36 «Heart and lungs when you run» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	2 breathlessness	case
2	breathlessness	breathlessness	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 normal	obl
3	during	during	ADP	_	4 exertion	case
4	exertion	exertion	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 breathlessness	nmod
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 normal	cop
6	normal	normal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 ascertain	punct
8	ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 normal	conj
9	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	10 occurrence	det
10	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 requires	nsubj
11	requires	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 ascertain	ccomp
12	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 call	det
13	immediate	immediate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 call	amod
14	call	call	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 requires	obj
15	to	to	ADP	_	18 services	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 services	det
17	emergency	emergency	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 services	compound
18	services	service	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 call	nmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 normal	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present			whereas breathlessness during exertion; normal property	tree rules
2	ascertain	present				vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	require	present	which occurrence	a immediate call	to the emergency services	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme call=Precondition

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A reddened and perspiring face following a sprint

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 face	det
2	reddened	redden	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 face	amod
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 perspiring	cc
4	perspiring	perspire	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 reddened	conj
5	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 face	acl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 sprint	det
8	sprint	sprint	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 following	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	redden	participle			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	perspire	gerund			vn exhale-40.1.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	follow	gerund	a reddened face not said here	a sprint	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sprint=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

A collapse in which the person is not breathing normally

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 collapse	det
2	collapse	collapse	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 breathing	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 person	case
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 person	nsubj
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 person	det
6	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 collapse	nmod
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 breathing	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 breathing	advmod
9	breathing	breathe	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
10	normally	normally	ADV	_	9 breathing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not breathe	present · progressive	a collapse in the person					normally property	vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Perspiration during a match

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Perspiration	perspiration	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	during	during	ADP	_	4 match	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 match	det
4	match	match	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Perspiration	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

A rapid pulse at the conclusion of a race

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 pulse	det
2	rapid	rapid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 pulse	amod
3	pulse	pulse	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 conclusion	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 conclusion	det
6	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pulse	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 race	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 race	det
9	race	race	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 conclusion	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conclude			a race					nom conclusion «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/36-heart-and-lungs-when-you-run/e4/