Exam question 2 · A knock to the head in sport: if in doubt, sit them out

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises concussion sustained in sport?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, sustain · To what, where: concussion, sport

This is exam question 2 of lesson 47 «A knock to the head in sport: if in doubt, sit them out» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	concussion	concussion	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
10	sustained	sustain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 concussion	acl
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 sport	case
12	sport	sport	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sustained	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	concussion		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	sustain	participle	concussion not said here	sport		vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

An injury reliably demonstrated by a routine scan

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 injury	det
2	injury	injury	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 demonstrated	nsubj:pass
3	reliably	reliably	ADV	_	4 demonstrated	advmod
4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 scan	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 scan	det
7	routine	routine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 scan	amod
8	scan	scan	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 demonstrated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	demonstrate	participle · passive	a routine scan	a injury				reliably property	vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot subject=Topic

Option 2

An injury which invariably renders the participant unconscious

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 injury	det
2	injury	injury	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 renders	nsubj
4	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	5 renders	advmod
5	renders	render	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 injury	acl:relcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 unconscious	det
7	participant	participant	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 unconscious	compound
8	unconscious	unconscious	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 renders	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present	a injury	the participant unconscious				invariably property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent unconscious=Theme

Option 3

An injury entirely prevented by protective headgear

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 injury	det
2	injury	injury	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 prevented	nsubj
3	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	4 prevented	advmod
4	prevented	prevent	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 headgear	case
6	protective	protective	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 headgear	amod
7	headgear	headgear	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 prevented	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prevent	participle	a injury					by protective headgear; entirely property	vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A brain injury which frequently occurs without loss of consciousness

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 injury	det
2	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 injury	compound
3	injury	injury	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 occurs	nsubj
5	frequently	frequently	ADV	_	6 occurs	advmod
6	occurs	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 injury	acl:relcl
7	without	without	ADP	_	8 loss	case
8	loss	loss	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 occurs	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 consciousness	case
10	consciousness	consciousness	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 loss	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	present	a brain injury					without loss of consciousness; frequently property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/47-a-knock-to-the-head-in-sport-if-in-doubt-sit-them-out/e2/