Exam question 1 · Broken bones in sport: fingers, wrists and collarbones

Identify the most frequent mechanism by which a child sustains a fracture of the wrist.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, child · What happens: identify, sustain, fracture · To what, where: frequent mechanism, fracture, wrist

This is exam question 1 of lesson 48 «Broken bones in sport: fingers, wrists and collarbones» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 mechanism	det
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 frequent	advmod
4	frequent	frequent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 mechanism	amod
5	mechanism	mechanism	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 which	case
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 sustains	obl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 child	det
9	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sustains	nsubj
10	sustains	sustain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 mechanism	acl:relcl
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 fracture	det
12	fracture	fracture	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sustains	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 wrist	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 wrist	det
15	wrist	wrist	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 fracture	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the frequent mechanism		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent mechanism=Theme
2	sustain	present	a child	a fracture of the wrist	by the frequent mechanism	vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent fracture=Theme
3	fracture			the wrist		nom fracture «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Catching a ball with both hands

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Catching	catch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 ball	det
3	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Catching	obj
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 hands	case
5	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	6 hands	det
6	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Catching	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	catch	gerund		a ball				with both hands	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme

Option 2

Sleeping upon the affected limb

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sleeping	sleep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 limb	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 limb	det
4	affected	affect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 limb	amod
5	limb	limb	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Sleeping	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sleep	gerund						upon the affected limb	vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	affect	participle							vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3

Prolonged writing with a pencil at school

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Prolonged	prolong	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 writing	amod
2	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 pencil	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 pencil	det
5	pencil	pencil	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 writing	nmod
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 school	case
7	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pencil	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prolong	participle							vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A fall upon an outstretched hand

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 fall	det
2	fall	fall	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 hand	case
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 hand	det
5	outstretched	outstretched	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 hand	amod
6	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fall	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/48-broken-bones-in-sport-fingers-wrists-and-collarbones/e1/