Exam question 2 · Broken bones in sport: fingers, wrists and collarbones

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the bones of children.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, bones

This is exam question 2 of lesson 48 «Broken bones in sport: fingers, wrists and collarbones» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 bones	det
11	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 children	case
13	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 bones	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the bones of children		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus bone=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They are wholly incapable of fracture

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 incapable	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 incapable	cop
3	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	4 incapable	advmod
4	incapable	incapable	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 fracture	case
6	fracture	fracture	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 incapable	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	incapable				of fracture; wholly property	tree rules

Option 2

They contain no living tissue whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 contain	nsubj
2	contain	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 tissue	det
4	living	living	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tissue	compound
5	tissue	tissue	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 contain	obj
6	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	2 contain	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	contain	present	They	no living tissue				whatsoever property	vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot tissue=Theme

Option 3

They are more brittle than those of adults

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 brittle	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 brittle	cop
3	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 brittle	amod
4	brittle	brittle	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	than	than	ADP	_	6 those	case
6	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	4 brittle	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 adults	case
8	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 those	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					than those; brittle property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

They are more pliable but remain susceptible to fracture

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 pliable	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 pliable	cop
3	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 pliable	advmod
4	pliable	pliable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	7 susceptible	cc
6	remain	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 susceptible	cop
7	susceptible	susceptible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 pliable	conj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 fracture	mark
9	fracture	fracture	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 susceptible	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	They	pliable property	tree rules
2	is	present	They not said here	susceptible property	tree rules
3	fracture	to-infinitive	They not said here		vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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