Exam question 2 · Burns, sunburn and stings

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises sunburn?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: sunburn

This is exam question 2 of lesson 6 «Burns, sunburn and stings» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	sunburn	sunburn	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		sunburn				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Damage caused solely by heat reflected from sand

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Damage	damage	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Damage	acl
3	solely	solely	ADV	_	2 caused	advmod
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 heat	case
5	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 caused	obl
6	reflected	reflect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 heat	acl
7	from	from	ADP	_	8 sand	case
8	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 reflected	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	participle		Damage not said here				by heat; solely property	vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition
2	reflect	participle		heat not said here		sand			vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Damage occurring exclusively on cloudless days of high temperature

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Damage	damage	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	occurring	occur	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Damage	acl
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	2 occurring	advmod
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 days	case
5	cloudless	cloudless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 days	amod
6	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 occurring	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 temperature	case
8	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 temperature	amod
9	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 days	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	gerund	Damage not said here				day	exclusively property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Damage to skin cells by ultraviolet radiation, possible beneath cloud

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Damage	damage	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	to	to	ADP	_	4 cells	case
3	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cells	compound
4	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Damage	nmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 radiation	case
6	ultraviolet	ultraviolet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 radiation	amod
7	radiation	radiation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Damage	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 possible	punct
9	possible	possible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Damage	conj
10	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	11 cloud	case
11	cloud	cloud	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 possible	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	damage		ultraviolet radiation					to skin cells	nom damage «event transitive»: to=obl by=agent

Option 4

A harmless darkening of the skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 darkening	det
2	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 darkening	amod
3	darkening	darkening	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 skin	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 skin	det
6	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 darkening	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	darken			the skin					nom darkening «act transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/6-burns-sunburn-and-stings/e2/