Exam question 2 · Losing well and winning well

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the attribution of a defeat solely to the referee or to equipment?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, attribute · To what, where: attribution, defeat

This is exam question 2 of lesson 67 «Losing well and winning well» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 attribution	det
10	attribution	attribution	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 defeat	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 defeat	det
13	defeat	defeat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 attribution	nmod
14	solely	solely	ADV	_	17 referee	advmod
15	to	to	ADP	_	17 referee	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 referee	det
17	referee	referee	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
18	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 equipment	cc
19	to	to	ADP	_	20 equipment	case
20	equipment	equipment	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 referee	conj
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the attribution of a defeat	of the following statements; to the referee or equipment; accurately property	tree rules
3	attribute		a defeat		nom attribution «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is invariably an accurate assessment

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 assessment	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 assessment	cop
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	6 assessment	advmod
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 assessment	det
5	accurate	accurate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 assessment	amod
6	assessment	assessment	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a accurate assessment				invariably property	tree rules

Option 2

It is a reliable indicator of cheating

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 indicator	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 indicator	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 indicator	det
4	reliable	reliable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 indicator	amod
5	indicator	indicator	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 cheating	case
7	cheating	cheating	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 indicator	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a reliable indicator				of cheating	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It frequently reflects a self-serving bias

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 reflects	nsubj
2	frequently	frequently	ADV	_	3 reflects	advmod
3	reflects	reflect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 bias	det
5	self	self	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 serving	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 self	punct
7	serving	serve	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 bias	amod
8	bias	bias	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reflects	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reflect	present	It	a serving bias				frequently property	tree rules
2	serve	gerund							vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It is a requirement of the rules of the game

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 requirement	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 requirement	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 requirement	det
4	requirement	requirement	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 rules	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 rules	det
7	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 requirement	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 game	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 game	det
10	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 rules	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a requirement				of the rules of the game	tree rules
2	rule		the game						nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/67-losing-well-and-winning-well/e2/