Exam question 2 · Bike helmets and roads
It is given that a helmet has sustained an impact in a collision. State the appropriate course of action.
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · What happens: give, sustain · To what, where: It, helmet
This is exam question 2 of lesson 72 «Bike helmets and roads» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is given that a helmet has sustained an impact in a collision.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 given | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | aux:pass |
| 3 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 sustained | mark |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 helmet | det |
| 6 | helmet | helmet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sustained | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 sustained | aux |
| 8 | sustained | sustain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 given | advcl |
| 9 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 impact | det |
| 10 | impact | impact | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sustained | obj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 collision | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 collision | det |
| 13 | collision | collision | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 impact | nmod |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 given | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | It | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | sustain | present · perfect · passive | a helmet | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: State the appropriate course of action.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | State | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 course | det |
| 3 | appropriate | appropriate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 course | amod |
| 4 | course | course | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 State | nmod |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 action | case |
| 6 | action | action | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 course | nmod |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 State | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The options
Option 1
No action is required if it appears intact
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 2 action | det |
| 2 | action | action | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 required | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 required | aux:pass |
| 4 | required | require | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 7 appears | mark |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 appears | nsubj |
| 7 | appears | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 required | advcl |
| 8 | intact | intact | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 appears | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | require | present · passive | no action | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition | |||||
| 2 | appear a condition, not said to happen | present | it | intact property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The helmet is to be replaced
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 helmet | det |
| 2 | helmet | helmet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 replaced | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 replaced | aux:pass |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 replaced | mark |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 replaced | aux:pass |
| 6 | replaced | replace | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | replace | present · passive | the helmet | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme |
Option 3
The helmet is to be worn reversed
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 helmet | det |
| 2 | helmet | helmet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 worn | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 worn | aux:pass |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 worn | mark |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 worn | aux:pass |
| 6 | worn | wear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | reversed | reverse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 worn | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wear | present · passive | the helmet | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | reverse | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
Option 4
The helmet is to be repaired with adhesive tape
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 helmet | det |
| 2 | helmet | helmet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 repaired | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 repaired | aux:pass |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 repaired | mark |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 repaired | aux:pass |
| 6 | repaired | repair | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 tape | case |
| 8 | adhesive | adhesive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 tape | amod |
| 9 | tape | tape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 repaired | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | repair | present · passive | the helmet | with adhesive tape | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with tape=Instrument |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/72-bike-helmets-and-roads/e2/