Exam question 1 · Bike helmets and roads

Pursuant to Rule 59 of the Highway Code, identify the recommendation in respect of cycle helmets.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · What happens: rule, identify, respect · To what, where: 59, recommendation, respect, cycle helmets

This is exam question 1 of lesson 72 «Bike helmets and roads» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pursuant	pursuant	ADV	_	3 Rule	advmod
2	to	to	PART	_	3 Rule	mark
3	Rule	rule	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	59	59	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 Rule	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 Code	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Code	det
7	Highway	Highway	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Code	compound
8	Code	Code	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 59	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 identify	punct
10	identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 Rule	parataxis
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 recommendation	det
12	recommendation	recommendation	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 identify	obj
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 respect	case
14	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 identify	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 helmets	case
16	cycle	cycle	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 helmets	compound
17	helmets	helmet	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 respect	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 Rule	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	rule	to-infinitive	59 of the Highway Code		pursuant property	vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 59=Theme
2	identify	infinitive	the recommendation	respect of cycle helmets		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent recommendation=Theme
3	respect		cycle helmets			nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Helmets are to be carried on the handlebars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Helmets	helmet	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 carried	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 carried	aux:pass
3	to	to	PART	_	5 carried	mark
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 carried	aux:pass
5	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 handlebars	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 handlebars	det
8	handlebars	handlebar	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 carried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present · passive		Helmets		the handlebars			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

Helmets are prohibited on public roads

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Helmets	helmet	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 prohibited	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 prohibited	aux:pass
3	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 roads	case
5	public	public	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 roads	amod
6	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 prohibited	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prohibit	present · passive		Helmets		public roads			vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A helmet which fits and is correctly fastened should be worn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 helmet	det
2	helmet	helmet	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 worn	nsubj:pass
3	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 fits	nsubj
4	fits	fit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 helmet	acl:relcl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 fastened	cc
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 fastened	aux:pass
7	correctly	correctly	ADV	_	8 fastened	advmod
8	fastened	fasten	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 fits	conj
9	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 worn	aux
10	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	11 worn	aux:pass
11	worn	wear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	fit	present	a helmet			vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
2	fasten	present · passive	a helmet not said here		correctly property	vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»
3	wear	should · passive		a helmet		vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme

Option 4

Helmets are required only for adults

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Helmets	helmet	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 required	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 required	aux:pass
3	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	3 required	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 adults	case
6	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 required	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive	adults	Helmets					vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Precondition

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/72-bike-helmets-and-roads/e1/