Test 10 · Bike helmets and roads
In a cartoon a kid crashes his bike, bounces off the road and rides away laughing. What's real?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: kid · What happens: crash, bounce off, ride away, laugh, be · To what, where: bike, cartoon, road
This is test 10 of lesson 72 «Bike helmets and roads» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a cartoon a kid crashes his bike, bounces off the road and rides away laughing.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 cartoon | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cartoon | det |
| 3 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 crashes | obl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 kid | det |
| 5 | kid | kid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 crashes | nsubj |
| 6 | crashes | crash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 bike | nmod:poss |
| 8 | bike | bike | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 crashes | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 bounces | punct |
| 10 | bounces | bounce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 crashes | conj |
| 11 | off | off | ADP | _ | 13 road | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 road | det |
| 13 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 bounces | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 rides | cc |
| 15 | rides | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 crashes | conj |
| 16 | away | away | ADV | _ | 15 rides | advmod |
| 17 | laughing | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 rides | xcomp |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 crashes | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | crash | present | a kid | kid's bike | a cartoon | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bike=Patient | |||
| 2 | bounce off | present | a kid not said here | the road | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Agent | ||||
| 3 | ride away | present | a kid not said here | away property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | laugh | gerund | a kid not said here | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What's real?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 real | nsubj |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 real | cop |
| 3 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 real | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | real property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Only grown-ups get hurt on bikes
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 4 ups | advmod |
| 2 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 ups | amod |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 grown | punct |
| 4 | ups | up | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 hurt | nsubj |
| 5 | get | get | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 hurt | aux:pass |
| 6 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 bikes | case |
| 8 | bikes | bike | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 hurt | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | participle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | hurt | present · passive | grown ups | bikes | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Heads hit kerbs hard, and injuries can last for life
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 hit | nsubj |
| 2 | hit | hit | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | kerbs | kerb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 hit | obj |
| 4 | hard | hard | ADV | Degree=Pos | 2 hit | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 last | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 last | cc |
| 7 | injuries | injury | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 last | nsubj |
| 8 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 last | aux |
| 9 | last | last | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 hit | conj |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 life | case |
| 11 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 last | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hit | past | Heads | kerbs | hard property | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme kerb=Co-Theme | |||
| 2 | last | can | injuries | for life | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
Option 3
Bikes can't crash on real roads
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bikes | bike | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 crash | nsubj |
| 2 | ca | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 crash | aux |
| 3 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 crash | advmod |
| 4 | crash | crash | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 roads | case |
| 6 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 roads | amod |
| 7 | roads | road | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 crash | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not crash | can | Bikes | real roads | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on road=Location |
Option 4
Kids always bounce off roads unhurt
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kids | kid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 bounce | nsubj |
| 2 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 3 bounce | advmod |
| 3 | bounce | bounce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | off | off | ADP | _ | 3 bounce | compound:prt |
| 5 | roads | road | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 bounce | obj |
| 6 | unhurt | unhurt | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 bounce | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bounce off | present | Kids | roads | always, unhurt property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/72-bike-helmets-and-roads/t10/