Test 4 · Bike helmets and roads
Arjun: «it's only a little crack, still good, innit?» What would happen in his next crash?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: it, Arjun · What happens: be, innit, happen, crash · To what, where: little crack, next crash
This is test 4 of lesson 72 «Bike helmets and roads» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Arjun: «it's only a little crack, still good, innit?»
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arjun | Arjun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 crack | vocative |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 1 Arjun | punct |
| 3 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 9 crack | punct |
| 4 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 crack | nsubj |
| 5 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 crack | cop |
| 6 | only | only | ADV | _ | 9 crack | advmod |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 crack | det |
| 8 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 crack | amod |
| 9 | crack | crack | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 good | punct |
| 11 | still | still | ADV | _ | 12 good | advmod |
| 12 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 crack | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 innit | punct |
| 14 | innit | innit | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 12 good | discourse |
| 15 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 12 good | punct |
| 16 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 12 good | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | it | a little crack | Arjun vocative | tree rules | |||
| 2 | be in a quote | still | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | innit in a quote | infinitive | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What would happen in his next crash?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 happen | nsubj |
| 2 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 happen | aux |
| 3 | happen | happen | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 crash | case |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 crash | nmod:poss |
| 6 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 crash | amod |
| 7 | crash | crash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 happen | obl |
| 8 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 happen | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | would | Arjun's next crash | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in crash=Location | |||||
| 2 | crash | Arjun | nom crash «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
It would protect him twice as well as before
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 protect | nsubj |
| 2 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 protect | aux |
| 3 | protect | protect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 protect | obj |
| 5 | twice | twice | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 3 protect | advmod |
| 6 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=ADV | 3 protect | advmod |
| 7 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 as | fixed |
| 8 | as | as | ADP | _ | 6 as | fixed |
| 9 | before | before | ADV | _ | 6 as | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | protect | would | It | him = he | twice property | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
The damaged foam might not protect him
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 foam | det |
| 2 | damaged | damage | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 foam | amod |
| 3 | foam | foam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 protect | nsubj |
| 4 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 protect | aux |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 protect | advmod |
| 6 | protect | protect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 7 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 protect | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | damage | participle | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | not protect | might | the damaged foam | him = he | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |
Option 3
Nothing, little cracks don't matter at all
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 7 matter | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Nothing | punct |
| 3 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 cracks | amod |
| 4 | cracks | crack | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 matter | nsubj |
| 5 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 matter | aux |
| 6 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 matter | advmod |
| 7 | matter | matter | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 8 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 all | case |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 matter | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not matter | present · do-support | Nothing | all | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |
Option 4
Cracks make helmets stronger, like old bones
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cracks | crack | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 make | nsubj |
| 2 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | helmets | helmet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 make | obj |
| 4 | stronger | strong | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 2 make | xcomp |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 bones | punct |
| 6 | like | like | ADP | _ | 8 bones | case |
| 7 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 bones | amod |
| 8 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 make | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | Cracks | helmets | like old bones; strong property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset helmet=Product |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/72-bike-helmets-and-roads/t4/