Exam question 3 · Ice on ponds and cold water in winter

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the thickness of ice upon a pond?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: thickness

This is exam question 3 of lesson 74 «Ice on ponds and cold water in winter» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 thickness	det
10	thickness	thickness	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 ice	case
12	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 thickness	nmod
13	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 pond	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 pond	det
15	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 ice	nmod
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the thickness of ice upon a pond				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It may vary considerably and cannot be ascertained by sight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 vary	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 vary	aux
3	vary	vary	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	considerably	considerably	ADV	_	3 vary	advmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 ascertained	cc
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 ascertained	aux
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 ascertained	advmod
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 ascertained	aux:pass
9	ascertained	ascertain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 vary	conj
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 sight	case
11	sight	sight	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ascertained	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	vary	may	It					considerably property	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
2	not ascertain	can · passive	sight						vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent

Option 2

It is greatest at the centre of the pond

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 greatest	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 greatest	cop
3	greatest	great	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 centre	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 centre	det
6	centre	centre	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 greatest	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 pond	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 pond	det
9	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 centre	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			the centre of the pond		great property	tree rules

Option 3

It is reliably indicated by the thickness at the bank

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 indicated	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 indicated	aux:pass
3	reliably	reliably	ADV	_	4 indicated	advmod
4	indicated	indicate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 thickness	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 thickness	det
7	thickness	thickness	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 indicated	obl
8	at	at	ADP	_	10 bank	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 bank	det
10	bank	bank	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 indicated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	indicate	present · passive	the thickness	It		the bank		reliably property	vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot subject=Topic

Option 4

It is uniform throughout the pond

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 uniform	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 uniform	cop
3	uniform	uniform	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	6 pond	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 pond	det
6	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 uniform	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It				throughout the pond	uniform property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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