Test 2 · When money is tight: "we can't afford it" Your mate, proper Mancunian, says, "Me mam got me trainers from the charity shop, they're sound, our kid." ("Sound" means good; "our kid" means brother or mate.) What's true?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, trainers, Sound, kid · What happens: say, get, be, mean · To what, where: trainers, mate, charity shop, sound, brother · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 2 of lesson 23 «When money is tight: "we can't afford it"» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Your mate, proper Mancunian, says, "Me mam got me trainers from the charity shop, they're sound, our kid."
nmod:poss nsubj punct amod appos punct punct punct nsubj flat ccomp obj obj case det compound obl punct nsubj cop ccomp punct nmod:poss appos punct punct root Your PRON mate NOUN , PUNCT proper ADJ Mancunian PROPN , PUNCT says VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT Me PRON mam NOUN got VERB me PRON trainers NOUN from ADP the DET charity NOUN shop NOUN , PUNCT they PRON 're AUX sound NOUN , PUNCT our PRON kid NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 mate nmod:poss 2 mate mate NOUN Number=Sing 7 says nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 Mancunian punct 4 proper proper ADJ Degree=Pos 5 Mancunian amod 5 Mancunian Mancunian PROPN Number=Sing 2 mate appos 6 , , PUNCT _ 2 mate punct 7 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 got punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 12 got punct 10 Me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 12 got nsubj 11 mam mam NOUN Number=Sing 10 Me flat 12 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 says ccomp 13 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 12 got obj 14 trainers trainer NOUN Number=Plur 12 got obj 15 from from ADP _ 18 shop case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 shop det 17 charity charity NOUN Number=Sing 18 shop compound 18 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 12 got obl 19 , , PUNCT _ 22 sound punct 20 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 22 sound nsubj 21 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 22 sound cop 22 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 7 says ccomp 23 , , PUNCT _ 25 kid punct 24 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 25 kid nmod:poss 25 kid kid NOUN Number=Sing 22 sound appos 26 . . PUNCT _ 25 kid punct 27 " " PUNCT _ 25 kid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Your mate vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 get in a quote past Your mate = mate trainers Your mate = mate the charity shop vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary trainer=Theme 3 is a in a quote present trainers = trainer sound tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: ("Sound" means good; "our kid" means brother or mate.)
punct punct nsubj punct xcomp punct punct nmod:poss nsubj punct conj obj cc conj punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Sound NOUN " PUNCT means VERB good ADJ ; PUNCT " PUNCT our PRON kid NOUN " PUNCT means VERB brother NOUN or CCONJ mate NOUN . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 3 Sound punct 3 Sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 Sound punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means xcomp 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 12 means punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 10 kid punct 9 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 kid nmod:poss 10 kid kid NOUN Number=Sing 12 means nsubj 11 " " PUNCT _ 10 kid punct 12 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 means conj 13 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 12 means obj 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 mate cc 15 mate mate NOUN Number=Sing 13 brother conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct 17 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Sound good property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 mean present our kid brother or mate vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Topic
Sentence 3: What's true?
nsubj cop punct root What PRON 's AUX true ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 true nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 true cop 3 true true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 true punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present true property tree rules
The options Option 1 Second-hand trainers cost more than new ones
amod punct compound nsubj obj case amod obl root Second ADJ - PUNCT hand NOUN trainers NOUN cost VERB more ADJ than ADP new ADJ ones NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 hand amod 2 - - PUNCT _ 1 Second punct 3 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 4 trainers compound 4 trainers trainer NOUN Number=Plur 5 cost nsubj 5 cost cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 cost obj 7 than than ADP _ 9 ones case 8 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 9 ones amod 9 ones one NOUN Number=Plur 6 more obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present hand trainers more vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme more=Value
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice Charity shops only sell broken things that nobody else wants to buy
compound nsubj advmod amod obj obj nsubj advmod acl:relcl mark xcomp root Charity NOUN shops NOUN only ADV sell VERB broken VERB things NOUN that PRON nobody PRON else ADV wants VERB to PART buy VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Charity charity NOUN Number=Sing 2 shops compound 2 shops shop NOUN Number=Plur 4 sell nsubj 3 only only ADV _ 4 sell advmod 4 sell sell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 things amod 6 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 4 sell obj 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 wants obj 8 nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 10 wants nsubj 9 else else ADV _ 8 nobody advmod 10 wants want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 things acl:relcl 11 to to PART _ 12 buy mark 12 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 wants xcomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sell present Charity shops broken things vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme 2 break participle vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient 3 want present nobody broken things tree rules 4 buy not said to happen to-infinitive broken things not said here vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer Second-hand trainers can be as good as new for a lot less money
The tree, 14 words amod punct compound nsubj aux cop advmod case obl case det nsubj amod obl root Second ADJ - PUNCT hand NOUN trainers NOUN can AUX be AUX as ADV good ADJ as ADP new ADJ for ADP a DET lot NOUN less ADJ money NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 hand amod 2 - - PUNCT _ 1 Second punct 3 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 4 trainers compound 4 trainers trainer NOUN Number=Plur 8 good nsubj 5 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 good aux 6 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 good cop 7 as as ADV _ 8 good advmod 8 good good ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 as as ADP _ 10 new case 10 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 8 good obl 11 for for ADP _ 15 money case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 lot det 13 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 15 money nsubj 14 less less ADJ Degree=Cmp 15 money amod 15 money money NOUN Number=Sing 8 good obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is can hand trainers as new; for less money; good property tree rules
Option 4 It's against the rules to wear second-hand shoes at school
nsubj cop case det mark acl amod punct compound obj case obl root It PRON 's AUX against ADP the DET rules NOUN to PART wear VERB second ADJ - PUNCT hand NOUN shoes NOUN at ADP school NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 rules nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 rules cop 3 against against ADP _ 5 rules case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 rules det 5 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 to to PART _ 7 wear mark 7 wear wear VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 rules acl 8 second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 10 hand amod 9 - - PUNCT _ 8 second punct 10 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 11 shoes compound 11 shoes shoe NOUN Number=Plur 7 wear obj 12 at at ADP _ 13 school case 13 school school NOUN Number=Sing 7 wear obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It against the rules tree rules 2 wear to-infinitive hand shoes school vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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