Exam question 4 · Debt, loans, credit cards and interest

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the arrangement known as "buy now, pay later".

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, know, buy, pay · To what, where: response, arrangement · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 4 of lesson 24 «Debt, loans, credit cards and interest» of the money course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	amod
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 arrangement	det
11	arrangement	arrangement	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 arrangement	acl
13	as	as	SCONJ	_	15 buy	mark
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 buy	punct
15	buy	buy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 known	xcomp
16	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	15 buy	advmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 pay	punct
18	pay	pay	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Select	parataxis
19	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	18 pay	advmod
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 pay	punct
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response			vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent response=Theme clause=Attribute
2	establish	participle					vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the arrangement			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus arrangement=Experiencer
4	know	participle		the arrangement not said here			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
5	buy in a quote	infinitive			now		vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
6	pay in a quote	infinitive				late property	vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It constitutes a form of borrowing, and failure to pay instalments may incur fees

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 form	det
4	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 borrowing	case
6	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 form	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 incur	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 incur	cc
9	failure	failure	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 incur	nsubj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 pay	mark
11	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 failure	acl
12	instalments	instalment	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 pay	obj
13	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 incur	aux
14	incur	incur	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 constitutes	conj
15	fees	fee	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 incur	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a form of borrowing	vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme form=Pivot
2	pay	to-infinitive	failure not said here	instalments	vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent instalment=Asset
3	incur	may	failure	fees	tree rules
4	form			borrowing	nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

It relieves the purchaser of any obligation to pay

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 relieves	nsubj
2	relieves	relieve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 purchaser	det
4	purchaser	purchaser	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 relieves	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 obligation	case
6	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	7 obligation	det
7	obligation	obligation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 purchaser	nmod
8	to	to	PART	_	9 pay	mark
9	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 relieves	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	relieve	present	It	the purchaser of any obligation					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus purchaser=Experiencer
2	pay	to-infinitive							vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It is available exclusively in respect of purchases of food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 available	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 available	cop
3	available	available	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	3 available	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 respect	case
6	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 available	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 purchases	case
8	purchases	purchase	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 respect	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 food	case
10	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 purchases	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	It		respect of purchases of food	available, exclusively property	tree rules
2	respect			purchases of food			nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient
3	purchase			food			nom purchase «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

It constitutes a gift, the cost of which is borne by the retailer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 gift	det
4	gift	gift	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 cost	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 cost	det
7	cost	cost	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gift	appos
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 which	case
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 borne	obl
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 borne	aux:pass
11	borne	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 cost	acl:relcl
12	by	by	ADP	_	14 retailer	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 retailer	det
14	retailer	retailer	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 borne	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a gift					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme gift=Pivot
2	bear	present · passive	the retailer					of the cost	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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