Exam question 3 · Saving for holidays and big things

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the term "depreciation"?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: term

This is exam question 3 of lesson 25 «Saving for holidays and big things» of the money course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 term	det
10	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 depreciation	punct
12	depreciation	depreciation	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 term	appos
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 depreciation	punct
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the term				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A levy imposed upon the owners of motor vehicles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 levy	det
2	levy	levy	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	imposed	impose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 levy	acl
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 owners	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 owners	det
6	owners	owner	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 imposed	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 vehicles	case
8	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 vehicles	compound
9	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 owners	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	impose	participle		a levy not said here				upon the owners of motor vehicles	vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Option 2

The interest payable upon a loan for a motor vehicle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 interest	det
2	interest	interest	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	payable	payable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 interest	amod
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 loan	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 loan	det
6	loan	loan	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 payable	obl
7	for	for	ADP	_	10 vehicle	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 vehicle	det
9	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 vehicle	compound
10	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 loan	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

The augmentation of the value of an asset with the passage of time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 augmentation	det
2	augmentation	augmentation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 value	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 value	det
5	value	value	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 augmentation	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 asset	case
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 asset	det
8	asset	asset	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 value	nmod
9	with	with	ADP	_	11 passage	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 passage	det
11	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 asset	nmod
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 time	case
13	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 passage	nmod

#	verb	who	what, whom	roles by
1	augment		the value of a asset with the passage of time	nom augmentation «event transitive»: of=patient
2	value		a asset with the passage of time	nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient
3	pass	time		nom passage «act intransitive»: of=agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The diminution in the value of an asset with the passage of time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 diminution	det
2	diminution	diminution	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 value	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 value	det
5	value	value	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 diminution	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 asset	case
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 asset	det
8	asset	asset	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 value	nmod
9	with	with	ADP	_	11 passage	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 passage	det
11	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 asset	nmod
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 time	case
13	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 passage	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	value			a asset with the passage of time					nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient
2	pass		time						nom passage «act intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/money/25-saving-for-holidays-and-big-things/e3/