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Test 6 · ★★ · Saving for holidays and big things

Your mate says, "New cars are always the best deal, they keep their value." What's true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, New cars, cars · What happens: say, be, keep, value · To what, where: best deal, value · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 · ★★ of lesson 25 «Saving for holidays and big things» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your mate says, "New cars are always the best deal, they keep their value."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 deal	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 deal	punct
6	New	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 cars	amod
7	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 deal	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 deal	cop
9	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	12 deal	advmod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 deal	det
11	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	12 deal	amod
12	deal	deal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	ccomp
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 keep	punct
14	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 keep	nsubj
15	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	parataxis
16	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 value	nmod:poss
17	value	value	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 keep	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 keep	punct
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 keep	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Your mate						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	is a in a quote	present	New cars	the best deal				always property	tree rules
3	keep in a quote	present	cars = car	cars's value					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent value=Theme
4	value in a quote		cars = car						nom value «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Used cars lose value faster, so new ones are cheaper

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 cars	amod
2	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lose	nsubj
3	lose	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	value	value	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lose	obj
5	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 lose	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 cheaper	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	11 cheaper	advmod
8	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 ones	amod
9	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 cheaper	nsubj
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 cheaper	cop
11	cheaper	cheap	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 lose	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	participle							vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	lose	present	Used cars	value				fast property	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent value=Eventuality
3	is	present	new ones					cheap property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

New cars lose value fast, like £4,000 in the first year on a £20,000 car

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	New	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 cars	amod
2	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lose	nsubj
3	lose	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	value	value	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lose	obj
5	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 lose	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 £	punct
7	like	like	ADP	_	8 £	case
8	£	£	SYM	_	3 lose	obl
9	4,000	4,000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 £	nummod
10	in	in	ADP	_	13 year	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 year	det
12	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	13 year	amod
13	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 £	nmod
14	on	on	ADP	_	18 car	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 car	det
16	£	£	SYM	_	18 car	compound
17	20,000	20000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	16 £	nummod
18	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lose	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	New cars	value		a £ car		fast property	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent value=Eventuality

Option 3

New cars gain value every year, like a house

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	New	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 cars	amod
2	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 gain	nsubj
3	gain	gain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	value	value	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gain	obj
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 year	det
6	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gain	obl:unmarked
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 house	punct
8	like	like	ADP	_	10 house	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 house	det
10	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gain	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gain	present	New cars	value			year		vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent value=Theme

Option 4

New cars and used cars always cost exactly the same

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	New	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 cars	amod
2	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 used	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	2 cars	cc
4	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 cost	nsubj
6	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	7 cost	advmod
7	cost	cost	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 used	ccomp
8	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	10 same	advmod
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 same	det
10	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 cost	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	past	New cars						vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	cost	present	cars	the same				always property	vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme same=Value

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/money/25-saving-for-holidays-and-big-things/t6/