Test 1 · ★★★ · Inflation explained with a chocolate bar Nan says, "A Mars bar was 5p in my day!" Your cousin goes, "No way, so Nan was minted." ("Minted" means rich.) What's the truth?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Nan, Mars bar, cousin, truth · What happens: say, be, go, mint, mean · To what, where: 5 p, way, Nan · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 34 «Inflation explained with a chocolate bar» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Nan says, "A Mars bar was 5p in my day!"
nsubj punct punct det compound nsubj cop nummod ccomp case nmod:poss nmod punct punct root Nan PROPN says VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT A DET Mars PROPN bar NOUN was AUX 5 NUM p NOUN in ADP my PRON day NOUN ! PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nan Nan PROPN Number=Sing 2 says nsubj 2 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 says punct 4 " " PUNCT _ 10 p punct 5 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 bar det 6 Mars Mars PROPN Number=Sing 7 bar compound 7 bar bar NOUN Number=Sing 10 p nsubj 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 p cop 9 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 p nummod 10 p p NOUN Number=Sing 2 says ccomp 11 in in ADP _ 13 day case 12 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 day nmod:poss 13 day day NOUN Number=Sing 10 p nmod 14 ! ! PUNCT _ 10 p punct 15 " " PUNCT _ 10 p punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: express present Nan vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is a in a quote past a Mars bar 5 p day tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Your cousin goes, "No way, so Nan was minted."
nmod:poss nsubj punct punct det obl punct advmod nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl punct punct root Your PRON cousin NOUN goes VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT No DET way NOUN , PUNCT so ADV Nan PROPN was AUX minted VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 cousin nmod:poss 2 cousin cousin NOUN Number=Sing 3 goes nsubj 3 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 way punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 7 way punct 6 No no DET PronType=Neg 7 way det 7 way way NOUN Number=Sing 3 goes obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 minted punct 9 so so ADV _ 12 minted advmod 10 Nan Nan PROPN Number=Sing 12 minted nsubj:pass 11 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 minted aux:pass 12 minted mint VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 goes advcl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 goes punct 14 " " PUNCT _ 3 goes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present Your cousin no way vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 mint in a quote past · passive Nan tree rules
Sentence 3: ("Minted" means rich.)
punct punct nsubj punct xcomp punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Minted VERB " PUNCT means VERB rich ADJ . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 3 Minted punct 3 Minted mint VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 Minted punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 rich rich ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mint in a quote participle tree rules 2 mean present rich property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Sentence 4: What's the truth?
cop det nsubj punct root What PRON 's AUX the DET truth NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int root root 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 What cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 truth det 4 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 What punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the truth tree rules
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice People were paid in chocolate then
nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl advmod root People NOUN were AUX paid VERB in ADP chocolate NOUN then ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 3 paid nsubj:pass 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 paid aux:pass 3 paid pay VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 chocolate case 5 chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 3 paid obl 6 then then ADV PronType=Dem 3 paid advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pay past · passive People chocolate then vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset
Option 2 Nan was rich, because everything was cheap
nsubj cop punct mark nsubj cop conj root Nan PROPN was AUX rich ADJ , PUNCT because SCONJ everything PRON was AUX cheap ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nan Nan PROPN Number=Sing 3 rich nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 rich cop 3 rich rich ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 8 cheap punct 5 because because SCONJ _ 8 cheap mark 6 everything everything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 8 cheap nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 cheap cop 8 cheap cheap ADJ Degree=Pos 3 rich conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Nan rich property tree rules 2 is past everything cheap property tree rules
Option 3 Nan had more pocket money than any child now
nsubj amod compound obj case det obl advmod root Nan PROPN had VERB more ADJ pocket NOUN money NOUN than ADP any DET child NOUN now ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nan Nan PROPN Number=Sing 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 money amod 4 pocket pocket NOUN Number=Sing 5 money compound 5 money money NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 6 than than ADP _ 8 child case 7 any any DET PronType=Ind 8 child det 8 child child NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 9 now now ADV PronType=Dem 2 had advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past Nan more pocket money now than any child vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Patient
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer Prices were lower but wages were lower too
nsubj cop cc nsubj cop conj advmod root Prices NOUN were AUX lower ADJ but CCONJ wages NOUN were AUX lower ADJ too ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Prices price NOUN Number=Plur 3 lower nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 lower cop 3 lower low ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 4 but but CCONJ _ 7 lower cc 5 wages wage NOUN Number=Plur 7 lower nsubj 6 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 lower cop 7 lower low ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 lower conj 8 too too ADV _ 3 lower advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Prices low property tree rules 2 is past wages low property tree rules
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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