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Test 3 · ★★★ · Inflation explained with a chocolate bar

On the news, one person says "energy prices", another says "too much money printed", another says "big companies putting up prices". Which is the fair summary?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: one person, another, big companies · What happens: say, print, put up, be · To what, where: energy prices, news, much money, big companies, prices, fair summary · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 34 «Inflation explained with a chocolate bar» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: On the news, one person says "energy prices", another says "too much money printed", another says "big companies putting up prices".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	On	on	ADP	_	3 news	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 news	det
3	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 says	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 news	punct
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 person	nummod
6	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 says	nsubj
7	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 prices	punct
9	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 prices	compound
10	prices	price	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 says	obj
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 prices	punct
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 says	punct
13	another	another	PRON	PronType=Ind	14 says	nsubj
14	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 says	parataxis
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 money	punct
16	too	too	ADV	_	17 much	advmod
17	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 money	amod
18	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 says	obj
19	printed	print	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 money	acl
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 money	punct
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 says	punct
22	another	another	PRON	PronType=Ind	23 says	nsubj
23	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 says	conj
24	"	"	PUNCT	_	26 companies	punct
25	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 companies	amod
26	companies	company	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 says	obj
27	putting	put	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	26 companies	acl
28	up	up	ADP	_	27 putting	compound:prt
29	prices	price	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 putting	obj
30	"	"	PUNCT	_	26 companies	punct
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	one person	energy prices		the news			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent price=Topic
2	say speech: assert	present	another	much money					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent money=Topic
3	print in a quote	participle		much money not said here					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	say speech: assert	present	another	big companies					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent company=Topic
5	put up in a quote	gerund	big companies not said here	prices					vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent price=Goal

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which is the fair summary?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 summary	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 summary	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 summary	det
4	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 summary	amod
5	summary	summary	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 summary	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		the fair summary					tree rules

The options

Option 1

None of them is talking about inflation at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	None	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	5 talking	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 them	case
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 None	nmod
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 talking	aux
5	talking	talk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	about	about	ADP	_	7 inflation	case
7	inflation	inflation	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 talking	obl
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 all	case
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 talking	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	talk	present · progressive	None			all		about inflation	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about inflation=Topic

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Experts disagree, and each view has supporters

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Experts	expert	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 disagree	nsubj
2	disagree	disagree	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 has	punct
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 has	cc
5	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	6 view	det
6	view	view	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 has	nsubj
7	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 disagree	conj
8	supporters	supporter	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	disagree	present	Experts						vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	have	present	each view	supporters					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent supporter=Patient

Option 3

The first person is right and the others are lying

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 person	det
2	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	3 person	amod
3	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 right	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 right	cop
5	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 lying	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 others	det
8	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 lying	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 lying	aux
10	lying	lie	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 right	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the first person					right property	tree rules
2	lie	present · progressive	the others						vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The last person is right and nobody disagrees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 person	det
2	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 person	amod
3	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 right	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 right	cop
5	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 disagrees	cc
7	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	8 disagrees	nsubj
8	disagrees	disagree	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 right	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the last person					right property	tree rules
2	disagree	present	nobody						vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/money/34-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar/t3/