Exam question 2 · Trade, tariffs, rich and poor countries

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a tariff?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: tariff

This is exam question 2 of lesson 37 «Trade, tariffs, rich and poor countries» of the money course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 tariff	det
10	tariff	tariff	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		a tariff				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A charge levied upon the withdrawal of cash

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 charge	det
2	charge	charge	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	levied	levy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 charge	acl
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 withdrawal	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 withdrawal	det
6	withdrawal	withdrawal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 levied	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 cash	case
8	cash	cash	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 withdrawal	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	levy	participle		a charge not said here				upon the withdrawal of cash	tree rules
2	withdraw			cash					nom withdrawal «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

A vessel engaged in the carriage of goods by sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 vessel	det
2	vessel	vessel	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	engaged	engage	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 vessel	acl
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 carriage	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 carriage	det
6	carriage	carriage	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 engaged	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 goods	case
8	goods	goods	NOUN	Number=Ptan	6 carriage	nmod
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 sea	case
10	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 engaged	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	engage	participle		a vessel not said here				in the carriage of goods goal; by sea	vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent in carriage=Goal

Option 3

A reduction in the price of goods produced at home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 reduction	det
2	reduction	reduction	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 price	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 price	det
5	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reduction	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 goods	case
7	goods	goods	NOUN	Number=Ptan	5 price	nmod
8	produced	produce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 reduction	acl
9	at	at	ADP	_	10 home	case
10	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 produced	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	produce	participle		a reduction in the price of goods not said here		home			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A tax levied upon goods imported from abroad

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 tax	det
2	tax	tax	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	levied	levy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 tax	acl
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 goods	case
5	goods	goods	NOUN	Number=Ptan	3 levied	obl
6	imported	import	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 tax	acl
7	from	from	ADP	_	8 abroad	case
8	abroad	abroad	ADV	_	6 imported	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	levy	participle		a tax not said here				upon goods	tree rules
2	import	participle		a tax not said here					vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent from abroad=Initial_Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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