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Test 3 · ★★ · The Moon, the planets and the stars

Ruby's mum learned nine planets at school and is cross about Pluto. What's fair to say?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: mum · What happens: learn, be, say · To what, where: nine planets, school · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 14 «The Moon, the planets and the stars» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Ruby's mum learned nine planets at school and is cross about Pluto.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ruby	Ruby	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 mum	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Ruby	case
3	mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 learned	nsubj
4	learned	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	nine	nine	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 planets	nummod
6	planets	planet	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 learned	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 school	case
8	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 learned	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 cross	cc
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 cross	cop
11	cross	cross	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 learned	conj
12	about	about	ADP	_	13 Pluto	case
13	Pluto	Pluto	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 cross	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 learned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	past	Ruby's mum	nine planets		school			vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent planet=Topic
2	is	present	Ruby's mum not said here					about Pluto; cross property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's fair to say?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 fair	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fair	cop
3	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 say	mark
5	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 fair	csubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 fair	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						fair property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	to-infinitive							vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Scientists changed the definition in 2006, and some still argue

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 changed	nsubj
2	changed	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 definition	det
4	definition	definition	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 changed	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 2006	case
6	2006	2006	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 changed	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 argue	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 argue	cc
9	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	11 argue	nsubj
10	still	still	ADV	_	11 argue	advmod
11	argue	argue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 changed	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	past	Scientists	the definition		2006			vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent definition=Patient
2	argue speech: disagree	present	some				still		vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Her school taught her lies on purpose

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 school	nmod:poss
2	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 taught	nsubj
3	taught	teach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 lies	nmod:poss
5	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 taught	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	7 purpose	case
7	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 taught	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	teach speech: other	past	Her school	school's lies		purpose			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lie=Recipient
2	lie		school						nom lie «communication intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

Pluto was never real

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pluto	Pluto	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 real	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 real	cop
3	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	4 real	advmod
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	past	Pluto					real property	tree rules

Option 4

Pluto will be made a planet again next year, scientists promised

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pluto	Pluto	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 made	nsubj:pass
2	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 made	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 made	aux:pass
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 planet	det
6	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	obj
7	again	again	ADV	_	4 made	advmod
8	next	next	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 year	amod
9	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	obl:unmarked
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 promised	punct
11	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 promised	nsubj
12	promised	promise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 made	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	future · passive		Pluto			again; year		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary planet=Product
2	promise speech: promise	past	scientists						vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/myths/14-the-moon-the-planets-and-the-stars/t3/